Tom 16, Nr 1 (2021)
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Eksport do Mediów Społecznościowych

Eksport do Mediów Społecznościowych

Zdarzenia zakrzepowo- -zatorowe w przebiegu choroby COVID-19. Częstość występowania, patomechanizm, profilaktyka i leczenie

Anna Matrejek1, Alicia del Carmen Yika1, Gabriela Kanclerz1, Adam Stępień1, Patrycja Furczyńska1, Karol Nowak1, Konrad Stępień1, Jadwiga Nessler1, Jarosław Zalewski1
Kardiol Inwazyjna 2021;16(1):18-29.

Streszczenie

Pandemia COVID-19 wywołała ogólnoświatowe trudności
w funkcjonowaniu systemów ochrony zdrowia. Choroba ta,
dotykająca coraz większej liczby osób na świecie, nie dotyczy
jedynie, jak początkowo sądzono, układu oddechowego.
Powoduje bowiem wiele powikłań wieloukładowych, w tym
incydenty zakrzepowo-zatorowe. Zakażenie SARS-CoV-2 wywołuje
wiele zaburzeń w układzie krzepnięcia, które znacząco
zwiększają ryzyko formowania zakrzepu. Wyniki badań wskazują
na wyższą częstość występowania zakrzepicy żył głębokich,
udaru mózgu, zatorów tętnic kończyn oraz zatorowości płucnej
u chorych na COVID-19, które pogarszają rokowanie pacjentów
z SARS-CoV-2. U zakażonych częściej dochodzi również do
incydentów wieńcowych, a przezskórna interwencja wieńcowa
wiąże się z istotnie wyższym ryzykiem zakrzepicy w stencie.
Co ważne, incydenty mają miejsce pomimo stosowanych profilaktycznych
dawek heparyny drobnocząsteczkowej. Pomimo
niepełnego zapobiegania incydentom zakrzepowo-zatorowym,
stosowanie leków przeciwzakrzepowych w postaci heparyn jako
profilaktyki u pacjentów hospitalizowanych z powodu zakażenia
COVID-19 jest zalecane, szczególnie u tych w ciężkim stanie
oraz z wysokim ryzykiem zakrzepowo-zatorowym. Zdarzenia
zakrzepowo-zatorowe incydentalnie towarzyszą również podaniu
szczepionki przeciwko COVID-19.

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