open access

Vol 74, No 3 (2023)
Review paper
Submitted: 2023-03-18
Accepted: 2023-04-01
Published online: 2023-05-09
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The influence of various endocrine disruptors on the reproductive system

Agata Czarnywojtek12, Magdalena Borowska1, Kamil Dyrka3, Jakub Moskal4, Jeremi Kościński4, Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak5, Agnieszka Marta Lewandowska6, Boushra Abou Hjeily1, Paweł Gut2, Karolina Hoffmann7, Stefaan Van Gool8, Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj2, Marek Ruchała2
·
Pubmed: 37695032
·
Endokrynol Pol 2023;74(3):221-233.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
  2. Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland, Poland
  3. The University Hospital in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
  5. Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics, and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
  6. Department of Oncology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
  7. Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Arterial Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
  8. Immune-Oncological Centre Cologne (IOZK), Cologne, Germany

open access

Vol 74, No 3 (2023)
Review Article
Submitted: 2023-03-18
Accepted: 2023-04-01
Published online: 2023-05-09

Abstract

Various stimulants (VS) are chemicals that disrupt the endocrine system — endocrine homeostasis of the reproductive system — which also known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). These substances are found in the human body, in both the blood and urine, amniotic fluid, or, among others, the adipose tissue.

This article presents the current state of knowledge of the effect of EDCs and additional factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and cannabis on the gonads. The article is an overview of the impact of EDCs and their mechanism of action, with particular emphasis on gonads, based on databases such as PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar, and Web of Science available until May 2022.

The impact of human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is not fully understood, but it has been shown that phthalates show a negative correlation in anti-androgenic activity in the case of men and women for the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Smoking cigarettes and passive exposure to tobacco have a huge impact on the effects of endocrine disorders in both women and men, especially during the reproductive time. Also, the use of large amounts of cannabinoids during the reproductive years can lead to similar disorders. It has been documented that excessive alcohol consumption leads to disturbed function of the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG). Excess caffeine consumption may adversely affect male reproductive function, although this is not fully proven.

Therefore, the following publication presents various stimulants (BPA, phthalates, nicotine, alcohol, cannabis) that disrupt the function of the endocrine system and, in particular, affect the function of the gonads.

Abstract

Various stimulants (VS) are chemicals that disrupt the endocrine system — endocrine homeostasis of the reproductive system — which also known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). These substances are found in the human body, in both the blood and urine, amniotic fluid, or, among others, the adipose tissue.

This article presents the current state of knowledge of the effect of EDCs and additional factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and cannabis on the gonads. The article is an overview of the impact of EDCs and their mechanism of action, with particular emphasis on gonads, based on databases such as PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar, and Web of Science available until May 2022.

The impact of human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is not fully understood, but it has been shown that phthalates show a negative correlation in anti-androgenic activity in the case of men and women for the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Smoking cigarettes and passive exposure to tobacco have a huge impact on the effects of endocrine disorders in both women and men, especially during the reproductive time. Also, the use of large amounts of cannabinoids during the reproductive years can lead to similar disorders. It has been documented that excessive alcohol consumption leads to disturbed function of the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG). Excess caffeine consumption may adversely affect male reproductive function, although this is not fully proven.

Therefore, the following publication presents various stimulants (BPA, phthalates, nicotine, alcohol, cannabis) that disrupt the function of the endocrine system and, in particular, affect the function of the gonads.

Get Citation

Keywords

alcohol; bisphenol A; cannabidiol; coffee consumption; endocrine disruptors; endocrine system; reproductive system; female and male infertility; ultraviolet (UV); UV filters; tobacco and e-cigarettes

About this article
Title

The influence of various endocrine disruptors on the reproductive system

Journal

Endokrynologia Polska

Issue

Vol 74, No 3 (2023)

Article type

Review paper

Pages

221-233

Published online

2023-05-09

Page views

2276

Article views/downloads

1058

DOI

10.5603/EP.a2023.0034

Pubmed

37695032

Bibliographic record

Endokrynol Pol 2023;74(3):221-233.

Keywords

alcohol
bisphenol A
cannabidiol
coffee consumption
endocrine disruptors
endocrine system
reproductive system
female and male infertility
ultraviolet (UV)
UV filters
tobacco and e-cigarettes

Authors

Agata Czarnywojtek
Magdalena Borowska
Kamil Dyrka
Jakub Moskal
Jeremi Kościński
Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
Agnieszka Marta Lewandowska
Boushra Abou Hjeily
Paweł Gut
Karolina Hoffmann
Stefaan Van Gool
Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
Marek Ruchała

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