The study of amino acids level in the vitreous body of experimental animals in regamatogenous retinal detachment
, 1
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The paper presents the results of the amino acid levels study in the vitreous body of rats with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Experimental studies were performed on 42 brown Norwegian male rats (Male Brown Norway), which were divided into 7 groups (6 animals in each group): 1 group — conditionally intact control (without retinal detachment) — animals that underwent paracentesis of the anterior chamber with the removal of its moisture and retinal puncture without the introduction of any substance under the retina; 2 group — rats, which reproduced RRD by the method (control pathology) based on the study of apoptosis induction by apoptosis-inducing factor.
RESULTS: In the group of conditionally intact control animals the concentration of amino acids in vitreous body were: alanine — 3.3 ± 0.27 ng/mL; arginine — 0.8 ± 0.1 ng/mL; aspartate — 2.3 ± 0.5 ng/mL; valine — 1.8 ± 0.8 ng/mL; histidine — 1.3 ± 0.3 ng/mL; glycine — 4.5 ± 0.8 ng/mL; glutamic acid — 1.56 ± 0.35 ng/mL; tyrosine — 0.084 ± 0.048 ng/mL; phenylalanine — 0.024 ± 0.017 ng/mL; methionine — 0.11 ± 0.1 ng/mL. In animals with model pathology of RRD was observed a significant increase in certain amino acids: the level of alanine increased 1.4 times, aspartate — 11.5 times (p < 0.05), glycine — 2.3 times (p < 0.05), glutamic acid — 7.9 times (p < 0.05) compared with rats of the conditionally intact group. Levels of other amino acids increased insignificantly.
CONCLUSIONS: The most pronounced therapeutic efficacy was found in rats treated with combination therapy with dexamethasone, resveratrol, erythropoietin, and edaravon for 7 days. The pronounced effect of combination therapy on the level of amino acids (aspartate, glutamate, alanine, and glycine) in the treatment of RRD is due to the pharmacological activity of the components of this therapeutic regimen and characterized by synergistic effects of each component in the key links of disease pathogenesis.
Keywords: rhegmatogenous retinal detachmentamino acidsvitreous bodycombination therapy
References
- Nishikiori N, Ohguro H. An intractable case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection after scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Clin Ophthalmol. 2008; 2(1): 223–226.
- Mason RH, Minaker SA, Marafon SB, et al. Retinal displacement following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2022 [Epub ahead of print].
- Pasechnikova NV, Levitskaya GV. Amino acid profile of the vitreous body and vitreous contents in patients with rhegmatogenous detachment with different clinical characteristics. Oftalmologiya. 2014; 3(16): 45–55.
- Bertram KM, Bula DV, Pulido JS, et al. Amino-acid levels in subretinal and vitreous fluid of patients with retinal detachment. Eye (Lond). 2008; 22(4): 582–589.
- Ambati J, Chalam KV, Chawla DK, et al. Elevated gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997; 115(9): 1161–1166.
- Diederen RMH, La Heij EC, Deutz NEP, et al. Increased glutamate levels in the vitreous of patients with retinal detachment. Exp Eye Res. 2006; 83(1): 45–50.
- Varela-Fernández R, Bendicho-Lavilla C, Martin-Pastor M, et al. Design, optimization, and in vitro characterization of idebenone-loaded PLGA microspheres for LHON treatment. Int J Pharm. 2022 [Epub ahead of print]; 616: 121504.
- Hisatomi T, Sakamoto T, Murata T, et al. Relocalization of apoptosis-inducing factor in photoreceptor apoptosis induced by retinal detachment in vivo. Am J Pathol. 2001; 158(4): 1271–1278.
- Rybolovlev YuR, Rybolovlev RS. Dosage of substances for mammals according to the constants of biological activity. Doklady Biological Sciences . 1979; 247(1-6): 1057–1059.
- Reznikov OG, Solovyov AI, Stefanov OV. Biotic examination of reports and sciences of science, how to win on creatures: method. recommendations. Bulletin of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. 2006; 7: 47–61.
- Baratova LA. The principle of operation of the amino acid analyzer and the determination of the amino acid composition of the protein. ; 1988: 36.
- LAW OF UKRAINE. On the protection of animals from cruelty . https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3447-15. (12.08.2021).
- Yalcinbayir O, Buyukuysal RL, Gelisken O, et al. Amino acid and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in subretinal fluid in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Mol Vis. 2014; 20: 1357–1365.
- Saumya Pal S, Gopal L, Khetan V, et al. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following treatment for retinoblastoma. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2010; 47(6): 349–355.
- Lagrèze WA, Knörle R, Bach M, et al. Memantine is neuroprotective in a rat model of pressure-induced retinal ischemia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998; 39(6): 1063–1066.
- Barna L, Walter FR, Harazin A, et al. Simvastatin, edaravone and dexamethasone protect against kainate-induced brain endothelial cell damage. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2020; 17(1): 5.
- Ankamah E, Sebag J, Ng E, et al. Vitreous antioxidants, degeneration, and vitreo-retinopathy: exploring the links. Antioxidants (Basel). 2019; 9(1).