Tom 14, Nr 1 (2017)
Z pogranicza kardiologii
Opublikowany online: 2017-06-29
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2479
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Autoimmunizacyjne choroby tarczycy jako czynnik ryzyka chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego
Choroby Serca i Naczyń 2017;14(1):30-38.
Streszczenie
W badaniach epidemiologicznych wskazuje się, że ważnym czynnikiem patogenezy chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego jest toczący się proces autoimmunizacyjny. Zwiększone ryzyko występowania chorób układu krążenia obserwuje się między innymi u osób z autoimmunizacyjnymi chorobami tarczycy, co wynika zarówno z zaburzeń hormonalnych, jak i z cytotoksycznego działania autoprzeciwciał, autoreaktywnych limfocytów i mediatorów prozapalnych. Autoimmunizacyjne choroby tarczycy to: choroba Gravesa-Basedowa, odpowiedzialna za nadczynność tarczycy, oraz przewlekłe limfocytarne zapalenie tarczycy typu Hashimoto związane z niedoczynnością tego gruczołu. Wyniki wielu badań wskazują, że nawet stosunkowo nieduże wahania stężenia hormonów tarczycy oddziałują na czynność mięśnia sercowego oraz prowadzą do zmian patologicznych w układzie sercowo-naczyniowym. Pojawienie się jednej choroby z autoagresji zwiększa ryzyko równoległego wystąpienia innej o tym samym podłożu lub wtórnie rozwijającej się na skutek zaburzenia pracy innych układów i narządów, w tym układu sercowo-naczyniowego. W badaniach wykazano, że proces autoimmunizacji i związany z nim przewlekły stan zapalny determinują zaburzenia czynności mięśnia sercowego.
Słowa kluczowe: autoimmunizacyjne choroby tarczycychoroba Hashimotochoroba Gravesa-Basedowazaburzenia układu sercowo-naczyniowegohormony tarczycyprzeciwciała przeciwtarczycowestan zapalny
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