open access

Vol 26, No 3 (2022)
Review paper
Published online: 2022-11-07
Get Citation

Elabela: novel perspectives on vascular physiology and disease

Hendrianus1, Suko Adiarto1, Radityo Prakoso1
·
Arterial Hypertension 2022;26(3):135-140.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

open access

Vol 26, No 3 (2022)
REVIEW
Published online: 2022-11-07

Abstract

Recently, a novel endogenous ligand of APJ called elabela has been identified to play an important role in cardiovascular development. Elabela and its G-protein-coupled receptor APJ are widely expressed throughout the human body. These have been identified to play a significant role in diverse biological processes, especially in the normal and pathological cardiovascular systems. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that elabela is also intimately associated with a large number of vascular physiological processes in adulthood, such as angiogenesis, vascular tone and atherosclerosis. However, a comprehensive summary of elabela in the vascular system has not been reported to date. In this review, we provide an overview of elabela in vascular physiology and diseases. Collectively, elabela, a potential biomarker and therapeutic peptide, exerts diverse biological vascular effects in adults.

 

Abstract

Recently, a novel endogenous ligand of APJ called elabela has been identified to play an important role in cardiovascular development. Elabela and its G-protein-coupled receptor APJ are widely expressed throughout the human body. These have been identified to play a significant role in diverse biological processes, especially in the normal and pathological cardiovascular systems. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that elabela is also intimately associated with a large number of vascular physiological processes in adulthood, such as angiogenesis, vascular tone and atherosclerosis. However, a comprehensive summary of elabela in the vascular system has not been reported to date. In this review, we provide an overview of elabela in vascular physiology and diseases. Collectively, elabela, a potential biomarker and therapeutic peptide, exerts diverse biological vascular effects in adults.

 

Get Citation

Keywords

elabela; APJ; vascular system; apelin

About this article
Title

Elabela: novel perspectives on vascular physiology and disease

Journal

Arterial Hypertension

Issue

Vol 26, No 3 (2022)

Article type

Review paper

Pages

135-140

Published online

2022-11-07

Page views

3810

Article views/downloads

348

DOI

10.5603/AH.a2022.0016

Bibliographic record

Arterial Hypertension 2022;26(3):135-140.

Keywords

elabela
APJ
vascular system
apelin

Authors

Hendrianus
Suko Adiarto
Radityo Prakoso

References (31)
  1. Chng SC, Ho L, Tian J, et al. ELABELA: a hormone essential for heart development signals via the apelin receptor. Dev Cell. 2013; 27(6): 672–680.
  2. Pauli A, Norris ML, Valen E, et al. Toddler: an embryonic signal that promotes cell movement via Apelin receptors. Science. 2014; 343(6172): 1248636.
  3. Mughal A, O'Rourke ST. Vascular effects of apelin: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther. 2018; 190: 139–147.
  4. Liu W, Yan J, Pan W, et al. Apelin/Elabela-APJ: a novel therapeutic target in the cardiovascular system. Ann Transl Med. 2020; 8(5): 243.
  5. O'Dowd BF, Heiber M, Chan A, et al. A human gene that shows identity with the gene encoding the angiotensin receptor is located on chromosome 11. Gene. 1993; 136(1-2): 355–360.
  6. Tatemoto K, Hosoya M, Habata Y, et al. Isolation and characterization of a novel endogenous peptide ligand for the human APJ receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998; 251(2): 471–476.
  7. Lee DK, Cheng R, Nguyen T, et al. Characterization of apelin, the ligand for the APJ receptor. J Neurochem. 2000; 74(1): 34–41.
  8. Maguire JJ, Kleinz MJ, Pitkin SL, et al. [Pyr1]apelin-13 identified as the predominant apelin isoform in the human heart: vasoactive mechanisms and inotropic action in disease. Hypertension. 2009; 54(3): 598–604.
  9. Yang P, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP. Apelin, Elabela/Toddler, and biased agonists as novel therapeutic agents in the cardiovascular system. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2015; 36(9): 560–567.
  10. Devic E, Paquereau L, Vernier P, et al. Expression of a new G protein-coupled receptor X-msr is associated with an endothelial lineage in Xenopus laevis. Mech Dev. 1996; 59(2): 129–140.
  11. Zeng XXI, Wilm TP, Sepich DS, et al. Apelin and its receptor control heart field formation during zebrafish gastrulation. Dev Cell. 2007; 12(3): 391–402.
  12. Kang Y, Kim J, Anderson JP, et al. Apelin-APJ signaling is a critical regulator of endothelial MEF2 activation in cardiovascular development. Circ Res. 2013; 113(1): 22–31.
  13. Kuba K, Zhang L, Imai Y, et al. Impaired heart contractility in Apelin gene-deficient mice associated with aging and pressure overload. Circ Res. 2007; 101(4): e32–e42.
  14. Charo DN, Ho M, Fajardo G, et al. Endogenous regulation of cardiovascular function by apelin-APJ. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009; 297(5): H1904–H1913.
  15. Xu J, Chen L, Jiang Z, et al. Biological functions of Elabela, a novel endogenous ligand of APJ receptor. J Cell Physiol. 2018; 233(9): 6472–6482.
  16. Perjés Á, Kilpiö T, Ulvila J, et al. Characterization of apela, a novel endogenous ligand of apelin receptor, in the adult heart. Basic Res Cardiol. 2016; 111(1): 2.
  17. Yang P, Read C, Kuc RE, et al. Elabela/Toddler Is an Endogenous Agonist of the Apelin APJ Receptor in the Adult Cardiovascular System, and Exogenous Administration of the Peptide Compensates for the Downregulation of Its Expression in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation. 2017; 135(12): 1160–1173.
  18. Scott IC, Masri B, D'Amico LA, et al. The g protein-coupled receptor agtrl1b regulates early development of myocardial progenitors. Dev Cell. 2007; 12(3): 403–413.
  19. Ho L, Tan SYX, Wee S, et al. ELABELA Is an Endogenous Growth Factor that Sustains hESC Self-Renewal via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Cell Stem Cell. 2015; 17(4): 435–447.
  20. Wang Z, Yu D, Wang M, et al. Elabela-apelin receptor signaling pathway is functional in mammalian systems. Sci Rep. 2015; 5: 8170.
  21. Murza A, Sainsily X, Coquerel D, et al. Discovery and Structure-Activity Relationship of a Bioactive Fragment of ELABELA that Modulates Vascular and Cardiac Functions. J Med Chem. 2016; 59(7): 2962–2972.
  22. Sato T, Sato C, Kadowaki A, et al. ELABELA-APJ axis protects from pressure overload heart failure and angiotensin II-induced cardiac damage. Cardiovasc Res. 2017; 113(7): 760–769.
  23. Schreiber CA, Holditch SJ, Generous A, et al. Sustained ELABELA Gene Therapy in High-salt Diet-induced Hypertensive Rats. Curr Gene Ther. 2017; 16(5): 349–360.
  24. Chan SY, Loscalzo J. Chater 56. Pulmonary Arterial Hyertension. In: Creager MA, Eckman JA. ed. Vascular Medicine: A Comanion to raunwald's Heart Disease. 2nd ed. WB Saunders, Philadelphia 2013: 667–86.
  25. Goetze JP, Rehfeld JF, Carlsen J, et al. Apelin: a new plasma marker of cardiopulmonary disease. Regul Pept. 2006; 133(1-3): 134–138.
  26. Chandra SM, Razavi H, Kim J, et al. Disruption of the apelin-APJ system worsens hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011; 31(4): 814–820.
  27. Santoso P, Maejima Y, Kumamoto K, et al. Central action of ELABELA reduces food intake and activates arginine vasopressin and corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Neuroreport. 2015; 26(14): 820–826.
  28. Deng C, Chen H, Yang Na, et al. Apela Regulates Fluid Homeostasis by Binding to the APJ Receptor to Activate Gi Signaling. J Biol Chem. 2015; 290(30): 18261–18268.
  29. Li Y, Yang X, Ouyang S, et al. Declined circulating Elabela levels in patients with essential hypertension and its association with impaired vascular function: A preliminary study. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2020; 42(3): 239–243.
  30. Yavuz F, Kaplan M. Association Between Serum Elabela Levels and Chronic Totally Occlusion in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 117(3): 503–510.
  31. Kaplan M, Yavuz F, Kaplan GI, et al. Elabela as a novel marker: Well-correlated with WIfI amputation risk score in lower extremity arterial disease patients. Anatol J Cardiol. 2021; 25(5): 330–337.

Regulations

Important: This website uses cookies. More >>

The cookies allow us to identify your computer and find out details about your last visit. They remembering whether you've visited the site before, so that you remain logged in - or to help us work out how many new website visitors we get each month. Most internet browsers accept cookies automatically, but you can change the settings of your browser to erase cookies or prevent automatic acceptance if you prefer.

By VM Media Group sp. z o.o., Grupa Via Medica, ul. Świętokrzyska 73, 80–180 Gdańsk

tel.:+48 58 320 94 94, faks:+48 58 320 94 60, e-mail: viamedica@viamedica.pl