Nephrolithiasis and arterial hypertension

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis is a general, chronic metabolic disease which is characterized by producing renal deposits which come from normal or abnormal urine components. Nephrolithiasis occurs frequently in population studies results: 2% in Poland. Arterial hypertension occurs in 29% of polish population. Nephrolithiasis is related with the high risk of future hypertension. On the other hand the patients with nephrolithiasis are more often hypertensive than general population. It is suggested that hypertension and nephrolithiasis have common roots in particular: the insulin resistance state.
Among underestimated prolithogenic elements, besides the hypercalciuria which should be treated as an important screening factor, there are some hypotensive drugs: beta-blockers, diuretics and ACE inhibitors which may cause nephrolithiasis.
There is a suggestion that nephrolithiasis and hypertension at least partially demonstrate common metabolic disturbances, they are both risk factor and a result to each other, but no such statement is mentioned in JNC VII, ESH-ESC, PTNT.