Usefulness of kidney function evaluation in the interpretation of cardiovascular risk in the group of patients with arterial hypertension

Abstract

Background Hypertension is one of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and is present in approximately 70-85% of patients with chronic renal failure. The current Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines advocate creatinine-based equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to identify patients with potential chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to classify them into different stages on the basis of these values.
Material and methods Assessment of prevalence of CKD using estimating GFR according to Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula in 58 hospitalized hypertensive patients (20 women and 38 men). They were divided in two groups: A - 28 patients without coronary artery disease (9 women and 19 men) and B - 30 patients with coronary artery disease (11 women and 19 men).
Results According to MDRD formula: stage 1 CKD in the group of hypertensive patients without coronary artery disease (A) was found in 25%, whereas in the group of hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (B) it was found in 6.67%. Stage 2 CKD in the group of hypertensive patients without coronary artery disease (A) was found in 39.29%, whereas in the group of hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (B) it was found in 50%. Stage 3 CKD in the group of hypertensive patients without coronary artery disease (A) was found in 14.29%, whereas in the group of hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (B) it was found in 23.33%.
Conclusions There is a need to estimate GFR according to MDRD formula, because there isn’t a linear dependence between GFR and creatinine concentration. We have to remember that GFR which gives evidence of chronic kidney disease is considered to be a significant cardiovascular risk factor.