Neuropsychological disorders in a patient after a 20-minute sudden cardiac arrest outside the hospital — a case report

Abstract

Introduction: Sudden cardiac arrest is the cessation of cardiac muscle function leading to clinical death and is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. Disturbed functioning of the heart action causing sudden cardiac arrest may result from asystole, ventricular fibrillation, and electromechanical dissociation.

Materials and methods: The purpose of this work was to describe a series of neurological and neuropsychological disorders as a result of sudden cardiac arrest taking place outside the hospital and resuscitation lasting 20 minutes.

Conclusions: Cardiac arrest may lead to irreversible brain damage, called hypoxaemic encephalopathy. This often leads to impairment of cognitive or emotional functions, with the most common symptoms being memory disorders and symptoms of depression. However, quick resuscitation measures, appropriately used treatment, and early introduction of neuropsychological rehabilitation have positive effects on patients’ recovery.