Neuropsychological disorders in a patient after a 20-minute sudden cardiac arrest outside the hospital — a case report
Streszczenie
Introduction: Sudden cardiac arrest is the cessation of cardiac muscle function leading to clinical death and is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. Disturbed functioning of the heart action causing sudden cardiac arrest may result from asystole, ventricular fibrillation and electromechanical dissociation. Materials and methods: The purpose of this work was to describe a series of neurological and neuropsychological disorders as a result of sudden cardiac arrest taking place outside the hospital and resuscitation lasting 20 minutes. Conclusions: Cardiac arrest may lead to irreversible brain damage, called hypoxaemic encephalopathy. This often leads to impairment of cognitive or emotional functions, with the most common symptoms being memory disorders and symptoms of depression. However, quick resuscitation measures, appropriately used treatment and early introduction of neuropsychological rehabilitation have positive effects on patients' recovery of health.
Słowa kluczowe: sudden cardiac arrestcognitive disordersdepression
Referencje
- Żaba Z. Resuscytacja krążeniowo-oddechowa. In: Kruszyński Z. ed. Podstawy anestezjologii i intensywnej terapii. UM Poznań, Poznań 2010: 226–228.
- Colbenson K, Asplund CA, Raukar N. Adaptations to protect sideline providers as they respond to sudden cardiac arrest during SARS-CoV-2. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2021; 20(10): 540–544.
- Gajdosz R. Resuscytacja krążeniowo-oddechowa. In: Zawacki Z. ed. Medycyna ratunkowa i katastrof. PZWL, Warszawa 2006: 1–14.
- Piezga M, Jaszke M, Ścisło P, et al. Objawy depresji i lęku po nagłym zatrzymaniu krążenia. Psych Pol. 2015; 49(3): 466.
- Moulaert VR, Verbunt JA, van Heugten CM, et al. Activity and Life After Survival of a Cardiac Arrest (ALASCA) and the effectiveness of an early intervention service: design of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2007; 7: 26.
- Jaszke-Psonka M, Piegza M, Ścisło P, et al. Cognitive impairment after sudden cardiac arrest. Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 2016; 13(4): 393–398.
- Lilja G, Nielsen N, Friberg H, et al. Cognitive function in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest after target temperature management at 33°C versus 36°C. Circulation. 2015; 131(15): 1340–1349.
- Adamski J, Nowakowski P, Goryński P, et al. Ocena częstości występowania wewnątrzszpitalnego nagłego zatrzymania krążenia w Polsce. Anestezjologia Intensywna Terapia. 2016; 48: 304.
- Wrzosek K, Szczepańczyk E. Resuscytacja krążeniowo-oddechowa. Kardiologia w praktyce. 2007; 85: 623.
- Jankowski D. Nagłe zatrzymanie krążenia poza szpitalem w populacji dorosłych Szczecina w latach 2002-2003. Rocznik pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie. 2007; 53(1): 33–42.
- da Silva MP, Rivetti LA, Mathias LA, et al. Impact of induced cardiac arrest on cognitive function after implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2009; 59(1): 37–45.
- Petrović M, Panić G, Jovelić A, et al. Therapeutic hypothermia and neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. Vojnosanit Pregl. 2011; 68(6): 495–499.
- Alexander MP, Lafleche G, Schnyer D, et al. Cognitive and functional outcome after out of hospital cardiac arrest. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2011; 17(2): 364–368.
- Raina KD, Rittenberger JC, Holm MB, et al. Functional outcomes: one year after a cardiac arrest. Biomed Res Int. 2015; 2015: 283608.
- Callans DJ. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest — the solution is shocking. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351(7): 632–634.
- Zipes D, Wellens H. Sudden cardiac death. Circulation. 1998; 98(21): 2334–2351.
- Pstrągowski K, Koziński M, Jabłoński M, et al. Optymalizacja postępowania w nagłym pozaszpitalnym zatrzymaniu krążenia w przebiegu ostrego zawału serca – opis przypadku i przegląd piśmiennictwa. Folia Cardiologica. 2011; 6(4): 270–276.
- Nolan JP, Soar J, Zideman DA, et al. ERC Guidelines Writing Group. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 1. Executive summary. Resuscitation. 2010; 81(10): 1219–1276.
- Karnatovskaia LV, Wartenberg KE, Freeman WD. Therapeutic hypothermia for neuroprotection: history, mechanisms, risks, and clinical applications. Neurohospitalist. 2014; 4(3): 153–163.
- Sunde K, Pytte M, Jacobsen D, et al. Implementation of a standardised treatment protocol for post resuscitation care after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2007; 73(1): 29–39.
- Khot S, Tirschwell DL. Long-term neurological complications after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Semin Neurol. 2006; 26(4): 422–431.
- Weigl M, Moritz A, Steinlechner B, et al. Neuronal injury after repeated brief cardiac arrests during internal cardioverter defibrillator implantation is associated with deterioration of cognitive function. Anesth Analg. 2006; 103(2): 403–9, table of contents.
- Zhang S, Ching CK, Huang D, et al. Improve SCA Investigators. Utilization of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the prevention of sudden cardiac death in emerging countries: Improve SCA clinical trial. Heart Rhythm. 2020; 17(3): 468–475.
- Lilja G, Nilsson G, Nielsen N, et al. Anxiety and depression among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Resuscitation. 2015; 97: 68–75.
