Profound mental disability and emotional, social and motor development

Abstract

The definition of a profound mental disability was given by ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) and DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- classification of mental disorders of the American Psychiatric Association). ICD-10 states that profound mental disability is characterized by maximum intelligence quotient 20 (adults mentally not exceeding three years of age). It manifests by serious limitations in the area of self-care, communication and mobility. DSM-IV states that profound mental disability concerns 1−2% of people with mental disability. IQ (intelligence quotient) fluctuates below 20−25. Serious neurological damage is the main reason of this condition. From early childhood people with profound mental disability demonstrate significant impairment of sensomotor functioning. Motor skills, self-service and communication skills are greatly reduced. Neurodevelopment condition of the patient with profound mental disability differs significantly from the correct formation of nervous system. However- some patients may function in supervised and protected environment.