Vol 7, No 4 (2010)
Review paper
Published online: 2010-09-13
CLOCK genes associated with the pathogenesis of unipolar and bipolar affective disorders
Psychiatria 2010;7(4):151-160.
Abstract
Biological rhythms are cyclic changes of physiologic processes and behavioral activity. Among biological rhythms
the circadian rhythm is basic for adaptation of internal processes to external condition of environment. Disturbances
of circadian system are present in many diseases, causing disturbances of biological cyclic processes.
Biological rhythms changes are essential symptom of affective disorders (among depressed/elevated mood, decreased/
increased activity, fear/irritability). Disturbances of circadian rhythm may be intensive and diverse. We
may observe changes of intensity of depressed mood during a day (worsening in the morning and partial getting
better in the evening). Till today several genes has been described to be important in pathogenesis of mood
disorders. There are 21 identified clock genes. In mammalian, and in human too, most important are genes:
PER1, PER2, PER3 and CRY1, CRY2. Studies indicate, that changes in physiological cyclic processes and psychopathological
symptoms arise as a result of changes in these genes. One can suppose that bipolar and unipolar
disease may be associated with disturbances of circadian clock, at least in some patients. That’s why investigators
that look for genetic association of mental disorders indicate candidate genes in clock system. This issue
considers with association studies of clock genes in unipolar and bipolar disease.
Psychiatry 2010; 7, 4: 151-160
Psychiatry 2010; 7, 4: 151-160
Keywords: unipolar and bipolar disorderscircadian rhythmgenecircadian genespolymorphism
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