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Tom 7, Nr 6 (2010)
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Genetyka jadłowstrętu psychicznego — istniejący stan wiedzy i perspektywy przyszłych badań

Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
Psychiatria 2010;7(6):203-226.

dostęp otwarty

Tom 7, Nr 6 (2010)
Artykuły przeglądowe
Opublikowany online: 2011-02-14

Streszczenie

Jadłowstręt psychiczny należy do złożonych chorób psychicznych o najwyższym wskaźniku śmiertelności. Choroba charakteryzuje się wysokim stopniem odziedziczalności, a wyniki prowadzone od ponad 12 lat badań rodzin i bliźniąt potwierdzają udział podłoża genetycznego w predyspozycji do zachorowania. Niemniej objawy choroby nie zostały jednoznacznie powiązane z molekularnymi mechanizmami etiopatologicznymi, co znacznie utrudnia proces identyfikowania genów predysponujących w jadłowstręcie psychicznym. Badania genów kandydujących początkowo były prowadzone w odniesieniu do głównych neuroprzekaźników ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, takich jak serotonina czy dopamina, oraz genów związanych z regulacją przyjmowania pokarmu i kontroli masy ciała. Kolejnym etapem były badania typu metaanalizy obejmujące duże grupy pacjentów, a także wprowadzenie analiz w wyodrębnionych grupach pacjentów i poszukiwanie endofenotypów. Uzyskane wyniki badań nie przyniosły jednak rozstrzygających rezultatów. Obecnie wkroczono w erę badań asocjacyjnych w skali całego genomu. Badania te trwają i wydaje się, że będą pomocne w wytypowaniu genów i mechanizmów prowadzących do rozwoju choroby, co w efekcie pomoże w opracowaniu skutecznej terapii. Celem niniejszej pracy jest podsumowanie wyników dotychczasowych badań asocjacyjnych w jadłowstręcie psychicznym oraz przedstawienie perspektyw przyszłych badań.
Psychiatria 2010; 7, 6: 203–226

Streszczenie

Jadłowstręt psychiczny należy do złożonych chorób psychicznych o najwyższym wskaźniku śmiertelności. Choroba charakteryzuje się wysokim stopniem odziedziczalności, a wyniki prowadzone od ponad 12 lat badań rodzin i bliźniąt potwierdzają udział podłoża genetycznego w predyspozycji do zachorowania. Niemniej objawy choroby nie zostały jednoznacznie powiązane z molekularnymi mechanizmami etiopatologicznymi, co znacznie utrudnia proces identyfikowania genów predysponujących w jadłowstręcie psychicznym. Badania genów kandydujących początkowo były prowadzone w odniesieniu do głównych neuroprzekaźników ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, takich jak serotonina czy dopamina, oraz genów związanych z regulacją przyjmowania pokarmu i kontroli masy ciała. Kolejnym etapem były badania typu metaanalizy obejmujące duże grupy pacjentów, a także wprowadzenie analiz w wyodrębnionych grupach pacjentów i poszukiwanie endofenotypów. Uzyskane wyniki badań nie przyniosły jednak rozstrzygających rezultatów. Obecnie wkroczono w erę badań asocjacyjnych w skali całego genomu. Badania te trwają i wydaje się, że będą pomocne w wytypowaniu genów i mechanizmów prowadzących do rozwoju choroby, co w efekcie pomoże w opracowaniu skutecznej terapii. Celem niniejszej pracy jest podsumowanie wyników dotychczasowych badań asocjacyjnych w jadłowstręcie psychicznym oraz przedstawienie perspektyw przyszłych badań.
Psychiatria 2010; 7, 6: 203–226

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Słowa kluczowe

jadłowstręt psychiczny; genetyka molekularna; gen; polimorfizm

Informacje o artykule
Tytuł

Genetyka jadłowstrętu psychicznego — istniejący stan wiedzy i perspektywy przyszłych badań

Czasopismo

Psychiatria

Numer

Tom 7, Nr 6 (2010)

Typ artykułu

Artykuł przeglądowy

Strony

203-226

Opublikowany online

2011-02-14

Wyświetlenia strony

780

Wyświetlenia/pobrania artykułu

3135

Rekord bibliograficzny

Psychiatria 2010;7(6):203-226.

Słowa kluczowe

jadłowstręt psychiczny
genetyka molekularna
gen
polimorfizm

Autorzy

Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz

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