Psychosis in the course of hypertensive crisis — case report
Streszczenie
Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the civilization diseases of present times. It is also one of the modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of premature death in the world. Hypertensive crisis, which we define as a sudden increase in blood pressure to values above 180 mmHg SBP and/or above 110–130 mmHg DBP, can be clinically categorized as hypertensive urgency or hypertensive emergency (immediately life- threatening condition).
One of signs of target organ damage seen in hypertensive emergency is hypertensive encephalopathy, which may manifest as a change in mental status. Most often in the form of consciousness disorders. Nevertheless, in rare cases psychotic symptoms characteristic for paranoid syndrome with features of paralogical thinking disorders may appear.
The purpose of this study was to present an atypical manifestation of hypertensive encephalopathy, with the clinical picture determined mainly by paranoid symptoms.
Słowa kluczowe: hypertensive crisishypertensive encephalopathypsychosisdelirium
Referencje
- Tykarski A, Filipiak KJ, Januszewicz A, Litwin M, Narkiewicz K, Prejbisz A. Zasady postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze w Praktyce 2019: 1–86.
- WHO. Hypertension. https://www who int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension (10.03.2023).
- NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. Lancet. 2021; 398(10304): 957–980.
- Taylor D. Hypertensive crisis. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2015; 27(4): 439–447.
- Rodriguez MA, Kumar SK, De Caro M. Hypertensive crisis. Cardiol Rev. 2010; 18(2): 102–107.
- Vaughan CJ, Delanty N. Hypertensive emergencies. Lancet. 2000; 356(9227): 411–417.
- Miller JB, Suchdev K, Jayaprakash N, et al. New developments in hypertensive encephalopathy. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018; 20(2): 13.
- Fugate J, Rabinstein A. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: clinical and radiological manifestations, pathophysiology, and outstanding questions. The Lancet Neurology. 2015; 14(9): 914–925.
- Kim C, Syed S. Hypertensive encephalopathy: a case of a male who bit off his fingers. Cureus. 2017.
- Mukkamalla SKR, Ally I, Mahmood K, Rizzo V. Hypertension induced psychosis: a case report.Mukkamalla SKR, Ally I, Mahmood K, Rizzo V. ed. J Hypertens 2014: 2167–1095.
- West T, Christopher J, Arkhipov S, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome presenting as delirium with psychosis and agitation in the postpartum period. Cureus. 2024.
- Díaz-Ramírez GS, Salgado-Cifuentes CA, Zúñiga-Escobar G, et al. Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome associated with psychosis: An unusual presentation. Neurologia (Engl Ed). 2019; 34(8): 549–551.
- Keynejad RC, David AS. Psychiatric morbidity and its prognosis in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2020; 32(4): 385–388.
![](https://journals.viamedica.pl/plugins/generic/popups/images/icons/close.png)