Tom 13, Nr 4 (2017)
Artykuł przeglądowy
Opublikowany online: 2018-01-05
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Zaburzenia snu w chorobie Alzheimera
Pol. Przegl. Neurol 2017;13(4):173-185.
Streszczenie
Zaburzenia snu są istotnym, lecz często zaniedbywanym elementem obrazu klinicznego choroby Alzheimera (AD, Alzheimer’s disease). Istnieją przesłanki pozwalające sądzić, że zaburzenia snu (szerzej — zaburzenia rytmu snu i czuwania) mogą promować zjawiska sprzyjające rozwojowi procesu neurodegeneracyjnemu. Natomiast zmiany neuropatologiczne zachodzące w przebiegu choroby mogą prowadzić do zaburzeń rytmu okołodobowego. U chorych z AD współwystępują pierwotne zaburzenia snu. Leki stosowane w terapii AD nie pozostają bez wpływu na sen. Zrozumienie mechanizmów łączących zaburzenia snu z neurodegeneracją może pomóc w planowaniu działań profilaktycznych. Rozpoznanie zaburzeń snu wymaga przede wszystkim zebrania właściwego wywiadu, a w uzasadnionych przypadkach — wykorzystania aktygrafii bądź polisomnografii. Leczenie zaburzeń snu, zaplanowane adekwatnie do rozpoznania, może poprawić stan pacjenta pod względem emocjonalnym, poznawczym i behawioralnym. Lekarz i opiekun pacjenta z AD dysponują różnymi terapeutycznymi metodami farmakologicznymi i niefarmakologicznymi, których umiejętne zastosowanie może przynieść pozytywny efekt.
Słowa kluczowe: choroba Alzheimerazaburzenia snurytm okołodobowyneurodegeneracja
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