Vol 82, No 1 (2024)
Letter to the Editor
Published online: 2023-10-17

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Additional factors underlying pacing-induced cardiomyopathy in patients who underwent right ventricular pacing and His bundle pacing. Author’s reply

Jan Mizner1, Petr Waldauf2, Domenico Grieco3, Hana Linkova1, Oana Ionita1, Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman4, Robert Petr1, Radka Raková1, Jana Vesela1, Petr Stros1, Dalibor Herman1, Pavel Osmancik1, Karol Curila1
Pubmed: 37997843
Pol Heart J 2024;82(1):117-118.

Abstract

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Letter to the editor

Additional factors underlying pacing-induced cardiomyopathy in patients who underwent right ventricular pacing and His bundle pacing. Author’s reply

Jan Mizner1Petr Waldauf2Domenico Grieco3Hana Linkova1Oana Ionita1Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman4Robert Petr1Radka Raková1Jana Vesela1Petr Stros1Dalibor Herman1Pavel Osmancik1Karol Curila1
1Cardiocenter, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
2Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
3Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino of Rome, Rome, Italy
4Geisinger Heart Institute, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States

Correspondence to:

Karol Curila, MD, PhD, MSc,

Cardiocenter, 3rd Faculty of Medicine,

Charles University,

Srobarova 50, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic,

phone: +420 2 6716 2621,

e-mail: karol.curila@fnkv.cz

Copyright by the Author(s), 2023

DOI: 10.33963/v.kp.97882

Received: September 23, 2023

Accepted: September 23, 2023

Early publication date: October 17, 2023

Thanks to Dr. Şener for their comments. We agree that concomitant diseases such as cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and amyloidosis (CA) might influence the clinical course in patients with bradycardia. The clinical spectrum of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) symptoms includes advanced conduction disorders requiring pacemaker implantation. It had been documented that 3%–13% of ATTR-CA patients had pacemakers implanted before they were diagnosed with CA [1]. However, in the European population, the prevalence of ATTR-CA in pacemaker patients was very low (only 2%) [2]. Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) also leads to advanced symptomatic atrioventricular blocks, and according to Kandolin et al. [3], it was the first symptom in up to 44% of patients with diagnosed CS. However, the prevalence of CS remains very low in the European population, where it is a rare condition. We initiate further diagnostic steps only if other risk factors are present [3]. Therefore, we believe that the low prevalence of these diseases and the randomized study design should not affect the differences in the left ventricular ejection fraction between studied groups. On the other hand, we agree that due to the pathophysiology of the diseases, scanning for CS and CA could be helpful while measuring the markers of collagen metabolism.

Pharmacological treatments, such as SGLT2 inhibitors and others, may influence left ventricular ejection fraction and myocardial fibrosis. We have not provided their numbers, but SGLT2 inhibitors were not as available during the study period as they are now. Again, the randomized nature of the project should minimize their effect on the results.

We also agree that it is possible to adjust the pacemaker programming to avoid ventri­cular pacing. On the other hand, it is known that sacrificing atrioventricular synchrony at the cost of AV delay prolongation promotes atrial fibrillation and may worsen patients’ clinical course. In light of this information and our experience, we are convinced that right ventricular pacing is fundamentally inappropriate treatment for bradycardia. It increases ventricular dyssynchrony, while His bundle pacing and left bundle branch pacing do not [4].The pacemaker’s primary purpose should be to keep an adequate heart rate and preserve the atrioventricular and ventricular synchrony as close to the physiological state as possible. Moreover, it should also follow other physiological needs of the human organism: not only a decline in the basal heart rate during rest or sleep but also a change in the heart rate in concordance with breathing [5].

Article information

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Funding: None.

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