A head-to-head comparison of wall motion score index, force, strain, and ejection fraction for the prediction of SYNTAX and Gensini coronary scores by dobutamine stress echocardiography

Abstract

Background: Predicting the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) may be possible during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) with various indices of left ventricular function.

Aims: We assessed the relative value of ejection fraction (EF), force, global longitudinal strain (GLS), and wall motion score index (WMSI) in predicting SYNTAX and Gensini scores in patients with known or suspected CAD.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 223 patients (120 men; mean [SD] age, 62 [9] years) and assessed the following indices: 1) EF (with triplane imaging); 2) force, calculated as the ratio of systolic blood pressure to left ventricular end‑systolic volume; 3) GLS; 4) WMSI. All patients underwent coronary angiography within 12 weeks with SYNTAX and Gensini scores evaluation.

Results: The correlation of SYNTAX and Gensini scores was highest with peak WMSI (SYNTAX, rho = 0.591; Gensini, rho = 0.612; P  < 0.001), intermediate with peak force (SYNTAX, rho = –0.346; Gensini, rho = –0.377; P  < 0.001) and GLS (SYNTAX, rho = –0.205; P = 0.002 and Gensini rho = –0.216; P = 0.001), and the weakest for EF (SYNTAX, rho = –0.149; P = 0.03 and Gensini, rho = –0.191; P = 0.006). The similar hierarchy of variables was detected for changes during DSE. In the subgroup after myocardial infarction (n = 66 [27%]), GLS outperformed the force.

Conclusions: In patients with CAD at DSE peak, theWMSI and force were better predictors of the coronary SYNTAX and Gensini scores and CAD severity than GLS or EF. However, in patients after myocardial infarction, the GLS correlation with coronary scores improved and got closer to the visual assessment.