Tom 7, Nr 3 (2021)
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Opublikowany online: 2021-04-07

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Eksport do Mediów Społecznościowych

Eksport do Mediów Społecznościowych

Czynniki ryzyka i profilaktyka pierwotna raka płuca. Leczenie chorych uzależnionych od palenia tytoniu

Paweł Krawczyk1, Rodryg Ramlau2, Justyna Błach13, Robert Kieszko1, Kazimierz Roszkowski-Ślisz4, Tomasz Kucharczyk1, Stanisław Kieszko5, Janusz Milanowski1
Onkol Prakt Klin Edu 2021;7(3):160-173.

Streszczenie

Mimo poznania czynników ryzyka raka płuca, pozostaje on główną przyczyną zgonów z powodu nowotworów złośliwych w krajach wysokorozwiniętych. Powodem tego zjawiska jest narastające zanieczyszczenie środowiska naturalnego oraz przede wszystkim trudności w eliminacji nałogu palenia tytoniu. W polskich dużych aglomeracjach miejskich narażenie na pyły zawieszone zawierające na swojej powierzchni węglowodory oraz na lotne węglowodory, tlenki azotu i siarki stale wzrasta. Co więcej prawie 25% polskiej populacji pali papierosy, a eliminacja nałogu palenia za pomocą psychoterapii, nikotynowej terapii zastępczej i farmakoterapii bywa nieskuteczna. W pracy tej wykazujemy, że wykorzystanie innych niż papierosy produktów spalających tytoń (np. cygara czy fajki) oraz marihuanę jest równie niebezpieczne dla zdrowia co klasyczne papierosy. Pojawiły się też inne produkty zawierające nikotynę: e-papierosy i systemy podgrzewające tytoń. Produkty te powodują także silne uzależnienie od nikotyny, ale powstające w nich aerozole zawierają mniej substancji toksycznych w porównaniu do dymu papierosowego. Istnieją zatem przesłanki do stosowania tych produktów zamiast tradycyjnych papierosów u osób silnie uzależnionych od nikotyny w celu redukcji ryzyka zdrowotnego, w tym zmniejszenia ryzyka zachorowania na raka płuca. Trzeba pamiętać, że jedynie całkowite zaprzestanie palenia oraz wykorzystywania produktów zawierających nikotynę skutecznie redukuje ryzyko zachorowania na raka płuc.

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