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Tom 13, Nr 2 (2020)
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Opublikowany online: 2020-10-05

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Eksport do Mediów Społecznościowych

Eksport do Mediów Społecznościowych

Terapia autologicznym osoczem bogatopłytkowym (PRP) — obiecująca metoda leczenia regeneracyjnego uszkodzonych tkanek stosowana w wielu dziedzinach medycyny

Łukasz Piszczorowicz1, Dorota Król1, Stanisław Dyląg1
DOI: 10.5603/jtm.v13i2.67640
Journal of Transfusion Medicine 2020;13(2):120-134.

Streszczenie

Terapia osoczem bogatopłytkowym (PRP) jest powszechnie stosowana w wielu dziedzinach medycyny i zyskuje coraz większą popularność w leczeniu licznych schorzeń. Płytki krwi zawierają fizjologicznie aktywne białka, zwane czynnikami wzrostu (GFs), które przyspieszają regenerację uszkodzonej tkanki. Stymulowanie regeneracji uszkodzonej tkanki jest możliwe dzięki zastosowaniu własnej krwi pacjenta, która musi przed podaniem zostać poddana odpowiedniej preparatyce. Preparatyka PRP polega na kilkakrotnym zagęszczeniu krwinek płytkowych w porównaniu z ich stężeniem w krwi obwodowej pacjenta. Ze względu na to, że leczenie opiera się na wykonywaniu zabiegów autologicznych, ryzyko zakażenia pacjenta jest znikome, jakkolwiek w pewnych sytuacjach niektóre czynniki ryzyka ograniczają stosowanie PRP i mogą się przyczynić do wystąpienia objawów niepożądanych. Preparatyka jest stosunkowo tania i szybka, i może być przeprowadzana w obecności pacjenta.

W literaturze przedmiotu można spotkać zarówno różne definicje PRP, uwzględniające zróżnicowane sposoby preparatyki, zagęszczania i aktywacji krwinek płytkowych, jak i różne sposoby ich aplikacji do uszkodzonej tkanki i wreszcie różne efekty leczenia tym preparatem. Jednocześnie potwierdzenie skuteczności terapii PRP jest trudne, jeśli porównuje się ze sobą leczenie różnych chorób. Autorzy jednoznacznie podkreślają potrzebę standaryzacji preparatyki i określenia sposobu aplikacji w zależności od jednostki chorobowej. Brak ujednolicenia procedur preparatyki i sposobu podawania PRP rodzi wiele pytań i kontrowersji, jednak terapia PRP uważana jest za obiecującą metodę leczenia.

Celem tej pracy jest analiza piśmiennictwa dotyczącego zastosowania osocza bogatopłytkowego, z uwzględnieniem mechanizmu jego działania.

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