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Molecular and serological markers of HIV infection in Polish blood donors
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Abstract
Background: Diagnosis of HIV infection in blood donors is based on detection of anti-HIV with EIA and on subsequent confi rmation of reactive results in Western Blot. In 2003, HIV RNA (NAT) was implemented to identify donors in the early phase of infection. The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of NAT implementation on blood safety and the confi rmation effi ciency for EIA anti-HIV and p24 detection.
Material and methods: Screening for anti-HIV (Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II Ag/Ab, BioMerieux; HIVAg/Ab Combo Architect, Abbott) and for HIV RNA (in single donations TMA (Procleix Ultrio, Chiron or in pools of 24 donations (Cobas Ampliscreen; Roche Diagn until 2006 and then in pools of 6 donations with PCR (Taqscreen MPX). Western Blot (New Lav Blot I, Bio Rad; HIV1 Blot 1.3, MP Diagnostics) and NAT (Procleix Ultrio Assy, Chiron) were performed in all EIA positive samples.
Results: 2,987,066 donors (5,858,667 donations) were tested in the 2003–2008 period. Three donors (0,001%) were found HIV RNA positive/anti-HIV negative while 4682 (0.16%) donors were found anti-HIV repeat reactive with EIA. Of the 4682 donors, 154 (3.3%) were found HIV RNA positive. For 146/4682 (3.1%) the specifi city of anti-HIV was confi rmed in WB, in 7/4682 (0.15%) the WB results were indeterminate and in1/4682(0.02%) the results were negative in the fi rst sample. They became WB positive 3-4 weeks later.
Conclusions: The implementation of HIV NAT contributed to the improvement of blood safety as: 1) three donors were indentifi ed in the window period and 2) the HIV diagnosis was accelerated for donors with repeat reactive results in screening and indeterminate WB results.
Abstract
Background: Diagnosis of HIV infection in blood donors is based on detection of anti-HIV with EIA and on subsequent confi rmation of reactive results in Western Blot. In 2003, HIV RNA (NAT) was implemented to identify donors in the early phase of infection. The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of NAT implementation on blood safety and the confi rmation effi ciency for EIA anti-HIV and p24 detection.
Material and methods: Screening for anti-HIV (Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II Ag/Ab, BioMerieux; HIVAg/Ab Combo Architect, Abbott) and for HIV RNA (in single donations TMA (Procleix Ultrio, Chiron or in pools of 24 donations (Cobas Ampliscreen; Roche Diagn until 2006 and then in pools of 6 donations with PCR (Taqscreen MPX). Western Blot (New Lav Blot I, Bio Rad; HIV1 Blot 1.3, MP Diagnostics) and NAT (Procleix Ultrio Assy, Chiron) were performed in all EIA positive samples.
Results: 2,987,066 donors (5,858,667 donations) were tested in the 2003–2008 period. Three donors (0,001%) were found HIV RNA positive/anti-HIV negative while 4682 (0.16%) donors were found anti-HIV repeat reactive with EIA. Of the 4682 donors, 154 (3.3%) were found HIV RNA positive. For 146/4682 (3.1%) the specifi city of anti-HIV was confi rmed in WB, in 7/4682 (0.15%) the WB results were indeterminate and in1/4682(0.02%) the results were negative in the fi rst sample. They became WB positive 3-4 weeks later.
Conclusions: The implementation of HIV NAT contributed to the improvement of blood safety as: 1) three donors were indentifi ed in the window period and 2) the HIV diagnosis was accelerated for donors with repeat reactive results in screening and indeterminate WB results.
Keywords
HIV infection; EIA tests; WB tests; serological window; molecular biology methods; anti-HIV; RNA HIV; blood donors
About this articleTitle
Molecular and serological markers of HIV infection in Polish blood donors
Journal
Journal of Transfusion Medicine
Issue
Article type
Research paper
Pages
1-7
Published online
2013-03-07
Bibliographic record
Journal of Transfusion Medicine 2013;6(1):1-7.
Keywords
HIV infection
EIA tests
WB tests
serological window
molecular biology methods
anti-HIV
RNA HIV
blood donors
Authors
Ewa Sulkowska
Maria Mikulska
Piotr Grabarczyk
Grzegorz Liszewski
Ewa Brojer
Magdalena Łętowska; Polska Grupa Badawcz Krwiolecznictwa