Vol 67, No 4 (2016)
Editorial
Published online: 2016-12-22

open access

Page views 2185
Article views/downloads 2264
Get Citation

Connect on Social Media

Connect on Social Media

Cruise tap versus handshake: using common sense to reduce hand contamination and germ transmission on cruise ships

Eilif Dahl
Pubmed: 28009396
IMH 2016;67(4):181-184.

Abstract

A firm handshake is a widely used greeting, but contaminated fingers and palms can also transfer bacteria and virus. Hand sanitation is important to prevent spreading of contagious diseases, but to wash hands properly takes too much time to ensure satisfactory compliance. Banning the handshake from health care settings has been proposed, but an alternative, less contagious form of greeting must be substituted. Cruise ships are particular vulnerable to infectious diseases that are transferred from person to person. The fist bump, common in some subcultures, has become increasing popular as the greeting-of-choice on smaller cruise vessels. To further reduce the contact area, a modification of the fist bump, the ‘cruise tap’, where only two knuckles briefly touch each other, is recommended.

Article available in PDF format

View PDF Download PDF file

References

  1. Wikipedia. Handshake. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handshake.
  2. Frankfurter Societäts-Medien GmbH. A guide to German etiquette. Young Germany — your career, education and lifestyle. http://www.young-germany.de/topic/live/settle -in-adjust/a-guide-to-german-etiquette (13.03.2013).
  3. Sklansky M, Nadkarni N, Ramirez-Avila L. Banning the handshake from the health care setting. JAMA. 2014; 311(24): 2477–2478.
  4. Semmelweis Society International. Dr. Semmelweis’ biography. http://semmelweis.org/about/dr-semmelweis-biography.
  5. Kovacs-Litman A, Wong K, Shojania KG, et al. Do physicians clean their hands? Insights from a covert observational study. J Hosp Med. 2016; 11(12): 862–864.
  6. Liang SY, Theodoro DL, Schuur JD, et al. Infection prevention in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2014; 64(3): 299–313.
  7. Mouchtouri VA, Nichols G, Rachiotis G, et al. SHIPSAN partnership. State of the art: public health and passenger ships. Int Marit Health. 2010; 61(2): 49–98.
  8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreak updates for international cruise ships. . http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/vsp/surv/ gilist.htm.
  9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vessel Sanitation Program. . http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/vsp/default.htm..
  10. Freeland AL, Vaughan GH, Banerjee SN. Acute Gastroenteritis on Cruise Ships - United States, 2008-2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016; 65(1): 1–5.
  11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Burden of norovirus illness and outbreaks. . http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/php/ illness-outbreaks.html.
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Keeping your hands clean on a cruise. . http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/vsp/pub/handwashing/ handwashingtips.htm..
  13. Reilly JS, Price L, Lang S, et al. A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of 6-Step vs 3-Step Hand Hygiene Technique in Acute Hospital Care in the United Kingdom. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016; 37(6): 661–666.
  14. Ghareeb PA, Bourlai T, Dutton W, et al. Reducing pathogen transmission in a hospital setting. Handshake versus fist bump: a pilot study. J Hosp Infect. 2013; 85(4): 321–323.
  15. Mela S, Whitworth DE. The fist bump: a more hygienic alternative to the handshake. Am J Infect Control. 2014; 42(8): 916–917.