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Tom 14, Nr 6 (2020)
Wybrane problemy kliniczne
Opublikowany online: 2021-01-07
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Znaczenie ,,zapomnianego narządu” — mikrobioty jelitowej — w rozwoju i terapii zaburzeń neuropsychiatrycznych

Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz1
Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej 2020;14(6):265-280.
Afiliacje
  1. I Klinika Psychiatrii, Psychoterapii i Wczesnej Interwencji, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, ul. Głuska 1, 2-439 Lublin, Polska

dostęp otwarty

Tom 14, Nr 6 (2020)
Wybrane problemy kliniczne
Opublikowany online: 2021-01-07

Streszczenie

W ostatnich latach wiedza dotycząca znaczenia ekosystemu jelito wego dla utr zymania homeostazy organizmu ludzkiego znacząco się pogłębiła. Coraz więcej dowodów potwierdza, że mikrobiota jelitowa to kluczowy mediator dwukierunkowej komunikacji pomiędzy przewodem pokarmowym i centralnym układem nerwowym. Oś mózg-mikrobiota-jelita stała się atrakcyjnym punktem uchwytu terapii licznych zaburzeń związanych ze zdrowiem psychicznym. Proponowanymi formami terapii są psychobiotyki, będące grupą ściśle wyselekcjonowanych probiotyków, wykazujących korzystne działanie na stan psychiczny oraz prebiotyki czyli substancje stymulujące rozwój ekosystemu jelitowego. W porównaniu z populacją osób zdrowych pacjenci cierpiący na zabur zenia neuropsychiatryczne mają inny ilościowy i jakościowy skład mikrobioty jelitowej. Zmiany te potwierdzono u osób z autyzmem, depresją, schizofrenią, chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową, chorobą Parkinsona i Alzheimera. Wstępne wyniki badań obserwacyjnych, translacyjnych i interwencyjnych są bardzo obiecujące. Dalsze prace badawcze umożliwią w pełni zdeterminowanie znaczenia mikroorganizmów w utrzymaniu zdrowia oraz terapii zaburzeń neuropsychicznych.

Streszczenie

W ostatnich latach wiedza dotycząca znaczenia ekosystemu jelito wego dla utr zymania homeostazy organizmu ludzkiego znacząco się pogłębiła. Coraz więcej dowodów potwierdza, że mikrobiota jelitowa to kluczowy mediator dwukierunkowej komunikacji pomiędzy przewodem pokarmowym i centralnym układem nerwowym. Oś mózg-mikrobiota-jelita stała się atrakcyjnym punktem uchwytu terapii licznych zaburzeń związanych ze zdrowiem psychicznym. Proponowanymi formami terapii są psychobiotyki, będące grupą ściśle wyselekcjonowanych probiotyków, wykazujących korzystne działanie na stan psychiczny oraz prebiotyki czyli substancje stymulujące rozwój ekosystemu jelitowego. W porównaniu z populacją osób zdrowych pacjenci cierpiący na zabur zenia neuropsychiatryczne mają inny ilościowy i jakościowy skład mikrobioty jelitowej. Zmiany te potwierdzono u osób z autyzmem, depresją, schizofrenią, chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową, chorobą Parkinsona i Alzheimera. Wstępne wyniki badań obserwacyjnych, translacyjnych i interwencyjnych są bardzo obiecujące. Dalsze prace badawcze umożliwią w pełni zdeterminowanie znaczenia mikroorganizmów w utrzymaniu zdrowia oraz terapii zaburzeń neuropsychicznych.

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Słowa kluczowe

oś mózg-mikrobiota-jelita, psychobiotyki, zaburzenia neuropsychiatryczne

Informacje o artykule
Tytuł

Znaczenie ,,zapomnianego narządu” — mikrobioty jelitowej — w rozwoju i terapii zaburzeń neuropsychiatrycznych

Czasopismo

Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej

Numer

Tom 14, Nr 6 (2020)

Strony

265-280

Opublikowany online

2021-01-07

Wyświetlenia strony

735

Wyświetlenia/pobrania artykułu

113

Rekord bibliograficzny

Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej 2020;14(6):265-280.

Słowa kluczowe

oś mózg-mikrobiota-jelita
psychobiotyki
zaburzenia neuropsychiatryczne

Autorzy

Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz

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