Causes of the endothelial disfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. Endothelial disfunction markers

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease with multiple organ involvement. This entity is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction represents a key step in the initiation and maintenance of atherosclerosis and may serve as a marker for future risk of cardiovascular events. Many factors, including circulating inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, low density lipoprotein, autoantibodies, vascular endothelial growth factor, circulating endothelial cells and von Willebrand factor may activate endothelial cells, leading to impaired vascular relaxation increased leukocyte adhesion, increased endothelial permeability and generation of a pro-thrombotic state. In this paper potential mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in SLE patients were discussed.