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Porcine coronary arteries: immunohistochemical profile of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TGF-beta1 and ICAM-1
open access
Abstract
In our study we used immunohistochemical technique to demonstrate the presence of the cytokines TNF-a, IL-1b, TGF-b1 and ICAM-1 in porcine coronaries even in physiological conditions. Inflammatory cytokines are polypeptide mediators which act as a communication signal between immune system cells and other types of cellsin different organs and tissues, both in human and pig coronary circulation. Our results show that pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-1b, TGF-b1 and ICAM-1 are also present in the medium tunica of the coronary arteries under physiological conditions. These results may be compared with those found in coronary atherosclerosis, where the increase in TNF-a has a dramatic effect on the function of the left ventricle, and the high value of IL-1 correlates directly with the extent of myocardial necrosis. In our study we observe the damage and activation of endothelial cells, this induces endothelial dysfunction by accumulation and oxidation of LDL (Low Density Lipoproteins). The formation of oxidized LDL (ox LDL) could play a central role in the amplification of the inflammatory response causing an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines which promotes leukocyte recruitment in the intimal layer. These leukocytes, after the adhesion to the endothelium, penetrate the intimate tunic. Therefore inflammatory processes promote the onset and evolution of atheroma and the development of thrombotic complications.
Abstract
In our study we used immunohistochemical technique to demonstrate the presence of the cytokines TNF-a, IL-1b, TGF-b1 and ICAM-1 in porcine coronaries even in physiological conditions. Inflammatory cytokines are polypeptide mediators which act as a communication signal between immune system cells and other types of cellsin different organs and tissues, both in human and pig coronary circulation. Our results show that pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-1b, TGF-b1 and ICAM-1 are also present in the medium tunica of the coronary arteries under physiological conditions. These results may be compared with those found in coronary atherosclerosis, where the increase in TNF-a has a dramatic effect on the function of the left ventricle, and the high value of IL-1 correlates directly with the extent of myocardial necrosis. In our study we observe the damage and activation of endothelial cells, this induces endothelial dysfunction by accumulation and oxidation of LDL (Low Density Lipoproteins). The formation of oxidized LDL (ox LDL) could play a central role in the amplification of the inflammatory response causing an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines which promotes leukocyte recruitment in the intimal layer. These leukocytes, after the adhesion to the endothelium, penetrate the intimate tunic. Therefore inflammatory processes promote the onset and evolution of atheroma and the development of thrombotic complications.
Keywords
porcine coronary arteries, cytokines, IL-1beta, TNF-alfa, TGF-beta1, ICAM-1
About this articleTitle
Porcine coronary arteries: immunohistochemical profile of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TGF-beta1 and ICAM-1
Journal
Issue
Article type
Original article
Published online
2021-12-16
Page views
274
Article views/downloads
195
DOI
10.5603/FM.a2021.0137
Pubmed
Keywords
porcine coronary arteries
cytokines
IL-1beta
TNF-alfa
TGF-beta1
ICAM-1
Authors
S. Taurone
M. T. Santarelli
E. De Santis
C. Di Gioia
E. Pompili
F. Pellegrino
P. Familiari
V. Papa
C. Zanza
L. Coppola
G. Familiari
M. Artico
