open access
An odontometric study of tooth dimension in diastematic dentition
, 2
Affiliations- Department of Jaw Orthopaedics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland, Poland
- Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
open access
Abstract
Background: One of the causes of the maxillary midline diastema (MMD) may be discrepancy between teeth and maxilla dimension. That can relate to two situations: when teeth have correct size but maxilla is too large or maxilla bone is in the proper size but teeth have reduced dimensions (microdontia). The present study has been conducted to investigate the differences in the linear dimensions of upper central and lateral incisors and canines in diastematic dentition and to compare them with the control group without diastema.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted on Caucasian individuals (n = 102) divided into two groups: study group with MMD (n = 50) and control group without MMD (n = 52). The following measurements were done by digital calliper on their plaster models: 1. Width in the widest mesiodistal portion for upper right and left central incisors, lateral incisors and canines. 2. Length in the longest apico-coronal portion for the same teeth.
Results: Statistical analysis showed that comparisons of widths of left canines were significant. In the study group widths of left canines were lower than in the control group. Statistically significant differences in the length were observed for central incisors and canines in both sides. All measurements were lower in the diastema group of patients.
Conclusions: Patients with diastema were characterised by incorrect tooth dimensions. The central incisors and upper canines were shorter in this group. Aesthetic closing of the diastema requires not only widening the crowns of the front teeth but also their elongation.
Abstract
Background: One of the causes of the maxillary midline diastema (MMD) may be discrepancy between teeth and maxilla dimension. That can relate to two situations: when teeth have correct size but maxilla is too large or maxilla bone is in the proper size but teeth have reduced dimensions (microdontia). The present study has been conducted to investigate the differences in the linear dimensions of upper central and lateral incisors and canines in diastematic dentition and to compare them with the control group without diastema.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted on Caucasian individuals (n = 102) divided into two groups: study group with MMD (n = 50) and control group without MMD (n = 52). The following measurements were done by digital calliper on their plaster models: 1. Width in the widest mesiodistal portion for upper right and left central incisors, lateral incisors and canines. 2. Length in the longest apico-coronal portion for the same teeth.
Results: Statistical analysis showed that comparisons of widths of left canines were significant. In the study group widths of left canines were lower than in the control group. Statistically significant differences in the length were observed for central incisors and canines in both sides. All measurements were lower in the diastema group of patients.
Conclusions: Patients with diastema were characterised by incorrect tooth dimensions. The central incisors and upper canines were shorter in this group. Aesthetic closing of the diastema requires not only widening the crowns of the front teeth but also their elongation.
Keywords
maxillary midline diastema (MMD); length of incisors; width of incisors; length of canines; width of canines
About this articleTitle
An odontometric study of tooth dimension in diastematic dentition
Journal
Issue
Article type
Original article
Pages
604-609
Published online
2019-10-16
Page views
1077
Article views/downloads
680
DOI
Pubmed
Bibliographic record
Folia Morphol 2020;79(3):604-609.
Keywords
maxillary midline diastema (MMD)
length of incisors
width of incisors
length of canines
width of canines
Authors
A. Sękowska
R. Chałas
References (34)- Agarwal A, Gokhal ST, Bhattacharya HSA. Two way periodontal approach for preventing relapse in midline diastema cases. Indian J Dent Sci. 2014; 6(3): 71–73.
- Agenter MK, Harris EF, Blair RN. Influence of tooth crown size on malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009; 136(6): 795–804.
- Ahmed KE, Murbay S. Survival rates of anterior composites in managing tooth wear: systematic review. J Oral Rehabil. 2016; 43(2): 145–153.
- Bhattacharya P, Raju PS, Bajpai A. Prognosis v/s etiology: midline papilla reconstruction after closure of median diastema. Ann Essences Dent. 2011; 3(1): 37–40.
- Bjork A, Krebs A, Solow B. A method for epidemiological registration of malocclusion. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964; 22(2): 27–41.
- Bugaighis I, Elorfi S. An odontometric study of tooth size in normal, crowded and spaced dentitions. J Orthod Sci. 2013; 2(3): 95–100.
- Bulwin M, Dudzińska-Filkiewicz A, Filkiewicz Z, et al. Licówki porcelanowe wykonywane w systemie IPS. e max Press Ma. 2015; 25(8/7): 60–63.
- Chałas R, Orłowski M, Sękowska A. Usefulness of composite restoration in direct esthetic closure of midline gap. Pol J Public Health. 2014; 124(2): 89–92.
- da Cunha LF, Kintopp Cd, Baechtold MS, et al. Premium protocol for planning a periodontal-restorative approach: Conservative, predictable, and reproducible. Quintessence Int. 2017; 48(7): 549–554.
- De Araujo EM, Fortkamp S, Baratieri LN. Closure of diastema and gingival recontouring using direct adhesive restorations: a case report. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2009; 21(4): 229–240.
- Delli K, Livas C, Sculean A, et al. Facts and myths regarding the maxillary midline frenum and its treatment: a systematic review of the literature. Quintessence Int. 2013; 44(2): 177–187.
- Erdemir U, Yildiz E. Esthetic and Functional Management of Diastema: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Springer International Publishing; 2015.
- Fernandes de Morais J, de Freitas MR, Freitas K, et al. Maxillary incisors mesiodistal angulation changes in patients with orthodontically treated anterior superior diastemas. Dental Press J Orthod. 2012; 17(4): 65–71.
- Frese C, Schiller P, Staehle HJ, et al. Recontouring teeth and closing diastemas with direct composite buildups: a 5-year follow-up. J Dent. 2013; 41(11): 979–985.
- Gillen RJ, Schwartz RS, Hilton TJ, et al. An analysis of selected normative tooth proportions. Int J Prosthodont. 1994; 7(5): 410–417.
- Gkantidis N, Kolokitha OE, Topouzelis N. Management of maxillary midline diastema with emphasis on etiology. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2008; 32(4): 265–272.
- Greinke M. Diastema i wędzidełko wargi górnej w aspekcie leczenia ortodontycznego. Mag Stomatol. 2013; 23(12): 86–89.
- Hasanreisoglu U, Berksun S, Aras K, et al. An analysis of maxillary anterior teeth: facial and dental proportions. J Prosthet Dent. 2005; 94(6): 530–538.
- Hashim HA, Al-Ghamdi S. Tooth width and arch dimensions in normal and malocclusion samples: an odontometric study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2005; 6(2): 36–51.
- Huang WJ, Creath CJ. The midline diastema: a review of its etiology and treatment. Pediatr Dent. 1995; 17(3): 171–179.
- Jaija AM, El-Beialy AR, Mostafa YA. Revisiting the Factors Underlying Maxillary Midline Diastema. Scientifica (Cairo). 2016; 2016: 5607594.
- Lenhard M. Closing diastemas with resin composite restorations. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2008; 3(3): 258–268.
- Magne P, Gallucci G, Belser U. Anatomic crown width/length ratios of unworn and worn maxillary teeth in white subjects. J Prosthet Dent. 2003; 89(5): 453–461.
- Morais JF, Freitas MR, Freitas KM, et al. Postretention stability after orthodontic closure of maxillary interincisor diastemas. J Appl Oral Sci. 2014; 22(5): 409–415.
- Oesterle LJ, Shellhart WC. Maxillary midline diastemas: a look at the causes. J Am Dent Assoc. 1999; 130(1): 85–94.
- Onyeaso C. Prevalence of malocclusion among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2004; 126(5): 604–607.
- Osmólska-Bogucka AE, Siemińska-Piekarczyk B. Maxillary median diastema – review of the literature. Dent Med Probl. 2015; 52(3): 341–344.
- Papathanasiou A, Asikis C. Life-Changing diastema closure direct composite restorations with minimal intervention. J Cosmet Dent. 2015; 31(1): 46–56.
- Puri N, Pradhan KL, Chandna A, et al. Biometric study of tooth size in normal, crowded, and spaced permanent dentitions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 132(3): 279.e7–279.14.
- Sękowska A, Dunin-Wilczyńska I, Chałas R. The size of anterior teeth in patients with gaps in the upper dental arch. Folia Morphol. 2015; 74(4): 493–496.
- Sterrett JD, Oliver T, Robinson F, et al. Width/length ratios of normal clinical crowns of the maxillary anterior dentition in man. J Clin Periodontol. 1999; 26(3): 153–157.
- Suter VGA, Heinzmann AE, Grossen J, et al. Does the maxillary midline diastema close after frenectomy? Quintessence Int. 2014; 45(1): 57–66.
- Thilander B, Pena L, Infante C, et al. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in children and adolescents in Bogota, Colombia. An epidemiological study related to different stages of dental development. Eur J Orthod. 2001; 23(2): 153–167.
- Wheeler B, Carrico CK, Shroff B, et al. Management of the Maxillary Diastema by Various Dental Specialties. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018; 76(4): 709–715.
