open access

Vol 82, No 1 (2023)
Original article
Submitted: 2021-09-30
Accepted: 2021-12-08
Published online: 2021-12-31
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The pattern of branching and intercommunications of the musculocutaneous nerve for surgical issues: anatomical study

M. G. Al-Sobhi1, A. I. Zaki23, F. A. Abd El Hamid23, R. A Alshali2, H. N. Mustafa2
·
Pubmed: 35037697
·
Folia Morphol 2023;82(1):79-87.
Affiliations
  1. Master of Technical Anatomy and Histology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  3. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

open access

Vol 82, No 1 (2023)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2021-09-30
Accepted: 2021-12-08
Published online: 2021-12-31

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present work was to provide evidence about the anatomical variations as regard the origin, distribution, and branching pattern of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN).
Materials and methods: Brachial plexus was dissected in 40 upper limbs of 20 male adult cadavers. The pattern of the MCN was photographed by a digital camera.
Results: The location and length of the nerve branches between left and right arms were recorded and statistically analysed. In 90% of specimens the MCN originates from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, in 5% it arose from the median nerve (MN), while in the remaining 5% specimen, it was absent. The MCN pierced the coracobrachialis muscle in 90% of specimens, and in the remaining 10% did not pierce it. The motor branches to biceps brachii muscle were categorised into: type 1 (90%): one branch that divides to supply the two heads of biceps; type 2 (5%): double branches, innervating each head of biceps separately. The motor branches to brachialis muscle were categorised into: type 1 (82.9%): one branch; type 2 (14.2%): double branches and type 3 (2.9%): three branches that innervating brachialis muscle. Communications between the MCN and the MN were observed in 35% of specimens.
Conclusions: The knowledge of the common and uncommon MCN variations is important especially to the surgeons for carrying out surgical procedures in axilla and arm.

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present work was to provide evidence about the anatomical variations as regard the origin, distribution, and branching pattern of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN).
Materials and methods: Brachial plexus was dissected in 40 upper limbs of 20 male adult cadavers. The pattern of the MCN was photographed by a digital camera.
Results: The location and length of the nerve branches between left and right arms were recorded and statistically analysed. In 90% of specimens the MCN originates from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, in 5% it arose from the median nerve (MN), while in the remaining 5% specimen, it was absent. The MCN pierced the coracobrachialis muscle in 90% of specimens, and in the remaining 10% did not pierce it. The motor branches to biceps brachii muscle were categorised into: type 1 (90%): one branch that divides to supply the two heads of biceps; type 2 (5%): double branches, innervating each head of biceps separately. The motor branches to brachialis muscle were categorised into: type 1 (82.9%): one branch; type 2 (14.2%): double branches and type 3 (2.9%): three branches that innervating brachialis muscle. Communications between the MCN and the MN were observed in 35% of specimens.
Conclusions: The knowledge of the common and uncommon MCN variations is important especially to the surgeons for carrying out surgical procedures in axilla and arm.

Get Citation

Keywords

brachial plexus, musculocutaneous nerve, axilla, median nerve, anatomical variations

About this article
Title

The pattern of branching and intercommunications of the musculocutaneous nerve for surgical issues: anatomical study

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 82, No 1 (2023)

Article type

Original article

Pages

79-87

Published online

2021-12-31

Page views

3393

Article views/downloads

1009

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2021.0139

Pubmed

35037697

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2023;82(1):79-87.

Keywords

brachial plexus
musculocutaneous nerve
axilla
median nerve
anatomical variations

Authors

M. G. Al-Sobhi
A. I. Zaki
F. A. Abd El Hamid
R. A Alshali
H. N. Mustafa

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