open access

Vol 73, No 4 (2022)
Original paper
Submitted: 2022-01-11
Accepted: 2022-02-15
Published online: 2022-06-29
Get Citation

What are the real associations of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) with body mass index and age?

Dagmar Horáková1, Ladislav Štěpánek12, Lubomír Štěpánek3, Dalibor Pastucha4, Jana Janoutová5, Vladimír Janout6, Vladimír Kron78, Miroslav Verner910, Daniel Martiník8
·
Pubmed: 36059166
·
Endokrynol Pol 2022;73(4):736-742.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
  2. Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
  3. Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, 1st Medical Faculty Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
  4. Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Czech Republic
  5. Department of Healthcare Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
  6. Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
  7. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
  8. Clinic for Metabolic Assessment of Prof. MUDr. Karel Martiník, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
  9. Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
  10. Central Laboratories, Hospital of České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

open access

Vol 73, No 4 (2022)
Original Paper
Submitted: 2022-01-11
Accepted: 2022-02-15
Published online: 2022-06-29

Abstract

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR), a key pathogenesis mechanism of metabolic disorders, can be tested using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). HOMA-IR quantifies peripheral tissue IR, whereas HOMA-β determines insulin secretion. The cross-sectional study aimed to examine non-linear associations of HOMA indices with age when adjusting for body mass index (BMI), and thus to investigate the indices’ ability to reflect the real development of glucose metabolism disorders over time.

Material and methods: The sample comprised 3406 individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM) divided into those with normal glucose metabolism (NGT, n = 1947) and prediabetes (n = 1459) after undergoing biochemical analyses. Polynomial multiple multivariate regression was applied to objectify associations of HOMA with both age and BMI.
Results: Mean values of HOMA-IR and HOMA-β in individuals with NGT were 1.5 and 82.8, respectively, while in prediabetics they were 2.2 and 74.3, respectively. The regression proved an inverse non-linear dependence of pancreatic b dysfunction, expressed by HOMA-β, on age, but did not prove a dependence on age for HOMA-IR. Both indices were positively, statistically significantly related to BMI, with a unit increase in BMI representing an increase in HOMA-IR by 0.1 and in HOMA-β by 3.2.

Conclusions: The mean values of HOMA indices showed that, compared with NGT, prediabetes is associated with more developed IR but lower insulin secretion. Both HOMA-IR and HOMA-b are predicted by BMI, but only HOMA-β is predicted by age. HOMA indices can reflect non-linear, closer-to-reality dependencies on age, which in many epidemiological studies are simplified to linear ones. The assessment of glucose metabolism using HOMA indices is beneficial for the primary prevention of IR and thus DM.

Abstract

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR), a key pathogenesis mechanism of metabolic disorders, can be tested using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). HOMA-IR quantifies peripheral tissue IR, whereas HOMA-β determines insulin secretion. The cross-sectional study aimed to examine non-linear associations of HOMA indices with age when adjusting for body mass index (BMI), and thus to investigate the indices’ ability to reflect the real development of glucose metabolism disorders over time.

Material and methods: The sample comprised 3406 individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM) divided into those with normal glucose metabolism (NGT, n = 1947) and prediabetes (n = 1459) after undergoing biochemical analyses. Polynomial multiple multivariate regression was applied to objectify associations of HOMA with both age and BMI.
Results: Mean values of HOMA-IR and HOMA-β in individuals with NGT were 1.5 and 82.8, respectively, while in prediabetics they were 2.2 and 74.3, respectively. The regression proved an inverse non-linear dependence of pancreatic b dysfunction, expressed by HOMA-β, on age, but did not prove a dependence on age for HOMA-IR. Both indices were positively, statistically significantly related to BMI, with a unit increase in BMI representing an increase in HOMA-IR by 0.1 and in HOMA-β by 3.2.

Conclusions: The mean values of HOMA indices showed that, compared with NGT, prediabetes is associated with more developed IR but lower insulin secretion. Both HOMA-IR and HOMA-b are predicted by BMI, but only HOMA-β is predicted by age. HOMA indices can reflect non-linear, closer-to-reality dependencies on age, which in many epidemiological studies are simplified to linear ones. The assessment of glucose metabolism using HOMA indices is beneficial for the primary prevention of IR and thus DM.

Get Citation

Keywords

insulin resistance; prediabetes; diabetes mellitus; homeostasis model assessment

About this article
Title

What are the real associations of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) with body mass index and age?

Journal

Endokrynologia Polska

Issue

Vol 73, No 4 (2022)

Article type

Original paper

Pages

736-742

Published online

2022-06-29

Page views

4266

Article views/downloads

688

DOI

10.5603/EP.a2022.0031

Pubmed

36059166

Bibliographic record

Endokrynol Pol 2022;73(4):736-742.

Keywords

insulin resistance
prediabetes
diabetes mellitus
homeostasis model assessment

Authors

Dagmar Horáková
Ladislav Štěpánek
Lubomír Štěpánek
Dalibor Pastucha
Jana Janoutová
Vladimír Janout
Vladimír Kron
Miroslav Verner
Daniel Martiník

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