Tom 1, Nr 4 (2023)
Artykuł przeglądowy
Opublikowany online: 2024-03-14
Diagnostyka i leczenie łysienia androgenowego — przegląd najnowszych metod postępowania
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Dermatologia w Praktyce Klinicznej 2023;1(4):123-137.
Streszczenie
Łysienie androgenowe jest powszechnym problemem we współczesnej dermatologii. Dotyczy ono także wielu młodych pacjentów, zwłaszcza mężczyzn, wywołując u nich większą skłonność do stanów lękowych i depresji, których przyczyną może być zaburzony obraz własnego ciała. Te problemy behawioralne mogą występować również u osób starszych. Dlatego istnieje oczywista potrzeba dalszego rozwoju w dziedzinie dermatologii, który powinien uwzględniać także poszukiwanie nowych sposobów leczenia. U mężczyzn rozpoznanie łysienia androgenowego jest dość proste, a leczenie zwykle polega na zastosowaniu minoksydylu i/lub finasterydu. U niektórych pacjentów lepsze wyniki może dać zmiana leczenia z minoksydylu stosowanego miejscowo na postać podawaną ogólnoustrojowo, a także z finasterydu na dutasteryd. Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, łysienie typu męskiego (MPHL, male pattern hair loss) jest chorobą przewlekłą, która może wymagać długotrwałego leczenia farmakologicznego, często o nieograniczonym czasie trwania. Dlatego też, biorąc pod uwagę obawy pacjentów związane z ogólnoustrojowym stosowaniem inhibitorów 5α-reduktazy, a także ograniczenia obecnego leczenia, niektórzy specjaliści stosują miejscowo finasteryd, dutasteryd z użyciem mezoterapii i wiele innych dodatkowych metod. Łysienie androgenowe kobiet (FPHL, female pattern hair loss) to w większości przypadków także choroba przewlekła, co szczególnie u młodszych kobiet wymaga wykonywania wielu badań laboratoryjnych w poszukiwaniu potencjalnego hiperandrogenizmu. Należy pamiętać, że szczególnie u kobiet schorzenie może być wywołane wieloma bodźcami środowiskowymi i innymi dodatkowymi czynnikami, dlatego w przypadku niektórych pacjentów uwzględnienie tego może być pomocne.
Słowa kluczowe: łysienie androgenowewypadanie włosówmioksydylfinasteryd
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