Impact of physical activity on hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes
Abstract
Aim. Assessment of the effect of the physical activity level in diabetic patients on the occurrence of hypoglycaemia.
Material and methods. The survey was conducted in a group of 422 diabetic patients: 209 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (129 women, 80 men, mean age 30 ± 11 years, mean duration of diabetes 12 ± 8 years, HbA1c: 7.5 ± 1.4%) and 213 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (119 women, 94 men, mean age 60 ± 12 years, mean duration of diabetes 10 ± 9 years, HbA1c: 8 ± 1.5%). Patients filled in the questionnaire covering data on diabetes control and physical activity (based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire — IPAQ).
Results. Overall the number of patients with hypoglycaemia was significantly higher in patients with high physical activity (65%) when compared to low activity (43%; p < 0.01). Patients with moderate activity did not differ from remaining groups. In type 1 diabetes mellitus number of episodes was significantly lower in low activity group (4%) when compared to high activity (61%; p < 0.001) and moderate activity (17%; p < 0.001). Also significant difference was found between high and moderate activity (p < 0.001). In type 2 diabetes mellitus the relation was similar. 23% patients with hypoglycaemia in high activity; 11% in moderate activity (p < 0.005) and 5% in low activity group (p < 0.001 vs. high and moderate activity respectively).
Conclusions. The incidence of hypoglycaemia increases along with increasing physical activity. This indicates the necessity of an increased education in patients planning physical activity. (Clin Diabetol 2018; 7, 2: 108–113)
Keywords: diabeteshypoglycaemiaphysical activity
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