Multiple long-term complications as a result of poor glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes — a case report

Abstract

We present a case of a 54-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes affected by multiple microvascular and macrovascular complications. Over the course of the disease, he developed diabetic nephropathy that resulted in renal transplant, proliferative retinopathy of both eyes, and sensory polyneuropathy. He also suffered from arterial hypertension and diabetic foot syndrome, complicated by an amputation of fourth left toe. With the implementation of intensive insulin therapy (IIT), a decrease in prevalence of diabetic complications has been observed. Tight metabolic control, especially during early years of the disease, significantly reduces the risk of their development. However, there are patients who suffer from multiple complications, despite receiving IIT. One of the most important aspects of effective diabetes management is patients’ education and their active participation in the treatment.