open access

Vol 5, No 3 (2004): Practical Diabetology
Other materials agreed with the Editors
Submitted: 2012-01-02
Published online: 2004-05-20
Get Citation

Microvascular complications of impaired glucose tolerance. Perspectives in diabetes

J. Robinson Singleton, A. Gordon Smith, James W. Russell, Eva L. Feldman
Diabetologia Praktyczna 2004;5(3):161-169.

open access

Vol 5, No 3 (2004): Practical Diabetology
Review articles (translated)
Submitted: 2012-01-02
Published online: 2004-05-20

Abstract

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) serves as a marker for the state of insulin resistance and predicts both largeand small-vessel vascular complications, independent of a patient’s progression to diabetes. Patients with IGT are at significantly increased risk for death and morbidity due to myocardial infarction, stroke, and large-vessel occlusive disease. IGT is more predictive of cardiovascular morbidity than impaired fasting glucose, probably because it is a better surrogate for the state of insulin resistance. IGT is also independently associated with traditional microvascular complications of diabetes, including retinopathy, renal disease, and polyneuropathy, which are the topics of this review. Inhibition of nitric oxide- mediated vasodilation, endothelial injury due to increased release of free fatty acids and adipocytokines from adipocytes, and direct metabolic injury of endothelial and end-organ cells contribute to vascular complications. Early detection of IGT allows intensive diet and exercise modification, which has proven significantly more effective than drug therapy in normalizing postprandial glucose and inhibiting progression to diabetes. To what degree intervention will limit recognized complications is not known.

Abstract

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) serves as a marker for the state of insulin resistance and predicts both largeand small-vessel vascular complications, independent of a patient’s progression to diabetes. Patients with IGT are at significantly increased risk for death and morbidity due to myocardial infarction, stroke, and large-vessel occlusive disease. IGT is more predictive of cardiovascular morbidity than impaired fasting glucose, probably because it is a better surrogate for the state of insulin resistance. IGT is also independently associated with traditional microvascular complications of diabetes, including retinopathy, renal disease, and polyneuropathy, which are the topics of this review. Inhibition of nitric oxide- mediated vasodilation, endothelial injury due to increased release of free fatty acids and adipocytokines from adipocytes, and direct metabolic injury of endothelial and end-organ cells contribute to vascular complications. Early detection of IGT allows intensive diet and exercise modification, which has proven significantly more effective than drug therapy in normalizing postprandial glucose and inhibiting progression to diabetes. To what degree intervention will limit recognized complications is not known.
Get Citation

Keywords

microvascular complications; impaired glucose tolerance; insulin resistance; diabetes

About this article
Title

Microvascular complications of impaired glucose tolerance. Perspectives in diabetes

Journal

Clinical Diabetology

Issue

Vol 5, No 3 (2004): Practical Diabetology

Article type

Other materials agreed with the Editors

Pages

161-169

Published online

2004-05-20

Page views

701

Article views/downloads

2211

Bibliographic record

Diabetologia Praktyczna 2004;5(3):161-169.

Keywords

microvascular complications
impaired glucose tolerance
insulin resistance
diabetes

Authors

J. Robinson Singleton
A. Gordon Smith
James W. Russell
Eva L. Feldman

Regulations

Important: This website uses cookies. More >>

The cookies allow us to identify your computer and find out details about your last visit. They remembering whether you've visited the site before, so that you remain logged in - or to help us work out how many new website visitors we get each month. Most internet browsers accept cookies automatically, but you can change the settings of your browser to erase cookies or prevent automatic acceptance if you prefer.

 

Wydawcą serwisu jest  "Via Medica sp. z o.o." sp.k., ul. Świętokrzyska 73, 80–180 Gdańsk

tel.:+48 58 320 94 94, faks:+48 58 320 94 60, e-mail:  viamedica@viamedica.pl