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Younger age at onset and sex predict celiac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. An Italian multicenter study
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Abstract
MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study group was a clinic-based cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes cared for in 25 Italian centers for childhood diabetes. Yearly screening for celiac disease was performed using IgA/IgG anti-gliadin and IgA anti-endomysium antibodies. RESULTS. Of the 4,322 children and adolescents (age 11.8 ± 4.2 years) identified with type 1 diabetes, biopsy-confirmed celiac disease was diagnosed in 292 (prevalence 6.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.0–7.6), with a higher risk seen in girls than in boys (odds ratio [OR] 1.93, 1.51–2.47). In 89% of these, diabetes was diagnosed before celiac disease. In logistic regression analyses, being younger at onset of diabetes, being female, and having a diagnosis of a thyroid disorder were independently associated with the risk of having diabetes and celiac disease. In comparison with subjects who were older than 9 years at onset of diabetes, subjects who were younger than 4 years at onset had an OR of 3.27 (2.20–4.85).
CONCLUSIONS. We have provided evidence that 1) the prevalence of biopsy-confirmed celiac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes is high (6.8%); 2) the risk of having both diseases is threefold higher in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age < 4 years than in those age > 9 years; and 3) girls have a higher risk of having both diseases than boys.
Abstract
MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study group was a clinic-based cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes cared for in 25 Italian centers for childhood diabetes. Yearly screening for celiac disease was performed using IgA/IgG anti-gliadin and IgA anti-endomysium antibodies. RESULTS. Of the 4,322 children and adolescents (age 11.8 ± 4.2 years) identified with type 1 diabetes, biopsy-confirmed celiac disease was diagnosed in 292 (prevalence 6.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.0–7.6), with a higher risk seen in girls than in boys (odds ratio [OR] 1.93, 1.51–2.47). In 89% of these, diabetes was diagnosed before celiac disease. In logistic regression analyses, being younger at onset of diabetes, being female, and having a diagnosis of a thyroid disorder were independently associated with the risk of having diabetes and celiac disease. In comparison with subjects who were older than 9 years at onset of diabetes, subjects who were younger than 4 years at onset had an OR of 3.27 (2.20–4.85).
CONCLUSIONS. We have provided evidence that 1) the prevalence of biopsy-confirmed celiac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes is high (6.8%); 2) the risk of having both diseases is threefold higher in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age < 4 years than in those age > 9 years; and 3) girls have a higher risk of having both diseases than boys.
Keywords
celiac disease; type 1 diabetes; age; sex
About this articleTitle
Younger age at onset and sex predict celiac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. An Italian multicenter study
Journal
Issue
Vol 5, No 4 (2004): Practical Diabetology
Article type
Other materials agreed with the Editors
Pages
209-216
Published online
2004-07-21
Page views
617
Article views/downloads
1516
DOI
10.5603/cd.8670
Bibliographic record
Diabetologia Praktyczna 2004;5(4):209-216.
Keywords
celiac disease
type 1 diabetes
age
sex
Authors
Franco Cerutti
Graziella Bruno
Francesco Chiarelli
Renata Lorini
Franco Meschi
Carla Sachetti
The Diabetes Study Group of Italian Soci Endocrinology
Diabetology