Sulodeksyd a leki wenoaktywne — naczynioprotekcyjne zastosowania glikozaminoglikanów
Streszczenie
Działanie ochronne na śródbłonek naczyniowy, hamowanie reakcji zapalnej, hamowanie ekspresji metaloproteinaz oraz produkcji wolnych rodników tlenowych, jak również inne pluripotencjalne właściwości glikozaminoglikanów otwierają nowe perspektywy w leczeniu chorób układu żylnego oraz innych patologii naczyń obwodowych dotyczących zarówno tętnic, jak i mikrokrążenia. W pracy przedstawiono przegląd aktualnej wiedzy dotyczącej klinicznego wykorzystania naczynioprotekcyjnego wpływu glikozaminoglikanów w leczeniu chorób naczyń obwodowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przewlekłej choroby żył, jak również naczyniowych powikłań cukrzycy. Zgodnie z wykonanymi badaniami obejmującymi ocenę właściwości sulodeksydu na podstawie badań z zakresu nauk podstawowych, jak również zgodnie z obserwacjami dotyczącymi skuteczności klinicznej, działanie sulodeksydu wpisuje się w obecną definicję leków wenoaktywnych. Wykazany w badaniach klinicznych wpływ na redukcję objawów podmiotowych przewlekłej choroby żył, korzystny wpływ na redukcję obrzęku kończyn, jak również poprawa wyników leczenia owrzodzeń żylnych goleni u pacjentów stosujących glikozaminoglikany korespondują z wynikami badań laboratoryjnych dowodzących wielokierunkowego wpływu sulodeksydu na wiele procesów związanych z występowaniem przewlekłej choroby żylnej i jej powikłań. Naczynioprotekcyjny wpływ glikozaminoglikanów związany między innymi z wysokim powinowactwem do komórek śródbłonka naczyniowego oraz kontrolą homeostazy w naczyniach mikrokrążenia wykazano również w innych sytuacjach klinicznych, takich jak retinopatia czy też nefropatia cukrzycowa. Dostępne doniesienia omówione w pracy opisują także korzystny wpływ sulodeksydu na wydłużenie dystansu chromania u chorych z chorobą tętnic obwodowych, jak również sugerują wiele nowych potencjalnych obszarów, w których wykorzystanie glikozaminoglikanów może przynieść potencjalne korzyści kliniczne.
Słowa kluczowe: przewlekłe choroby żyłleczenie farmakologiczneleki wenoaktywneglikozaminoglikanysulodeksydleki naczynioprotekcyjnecukrzycapowikłania
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