Knowledge, awareness, attitude and medication compliance in patients with hypertension
Abstract
Background: Recognition of the importance of systolic blood pressure (SBP) level has been considered as one of the major public health challenges in the prevention and treatment of hypertension HTN. Studies indicate that most of the patients with HTN don’t control the SBP. The purpose of the study was to assess the patients’ knowledge, awareness and attitude towards HTN, especially related to SPB and their compliance with antihypertensive treatment.
Material and methods: The quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study has been conducted and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale was used.
Results: Most of patients have sufficient general knowledge about HTN. However, they know less about the specific factors associated with their disease, in particular: 77% of patients were unaware about their systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the time of HTN diagnosis and 75% — at the last visit to the doctor. The main reasons for the patient low compliance with treatment were low availability of medicines due to high costs (n = 44; 22%), daily chores that prevent from taking medication continuously at the proper time (n = 32; 16%), forgetfulness of taking medications (n = 24, 12%).
Conclusions: Recognition of the importance of SBP level has been considered as one of the major challenges of public health and medicine in the prevention and treatment of HTN. The study emphasizes the necessity to maximize the effectiveness of HTN prevention and control programs to achieve optimal control of SBP.
Keywords: hypertensionsystolic blood pressurepatient awareness
References
- Gaziano JM. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease. In: Braunnwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P. ed. Heart Disease: A Textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 6th ed. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia 2001: 1–17.
- Verulava T, Jorbenadze R, Lordkipanidze A, et al. Readmission after hospitalization for heart failure in elderly patients in Chapidze Emergency Cardiology Center, Georgia. J Health Res. 2021; ahead-of-print.
- Law MR, Frost CD, Wald NJ. By how much does dietary salt reduction lower blood pressure? III--Analysis of data from trials of salt reduction. BMJ. 1991; 302(6780): 819–824.
- Verulava T, Jorbenadze R, Gonghadze A. Pre-operative anxiety in patients with congenital heart diseases. J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2021; 12(1): 105–109.
- Roccella E, Horan M. The National High Blood Pressure Education Program: Measuring progress and assessing its impact. Health Psychol. 1988; 7(Suppl): 297–303.
- Hunink MG. The Recent Decline in Mortality From Coronary Heart Disease, 1980–1990. The Effect of Secular Trends in Risk Factors and Treatment. JAMA. 1997; 277(7): 535.
- Burt VL, Whelton P, Roccella EJ, et al. Prevalence of hypertension in the US adult population. Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991. Hypertension. 1995; 25(3): 305–313.
- Rocella E, Burt V, Horan M, et al. Changes in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates 20-Year trend data. Ann Epidemiol. 1993; 3(5): 547–549.
- Alexander M, Tekawa I, Hunkeler E, et al. Evaluating hypertension control in a managed care setting. Arch Intern Med. 1999; 159(22): 2673–2677.
- Berlowitz DR, Ash AS, Hickey EC, et al. Inadequate management of blood pressure in a hypertensive population. N Engl J Med. 1998; 339(27): 1957–1963.
- Sadeghi C, Khan HA, Gudleski G, et al. Multifaceted strategies to improve blood pressure control in a primary care clinic: A quality improvement project. Int J Cardiol Hypertens. 2020; 7: 100060.
- Pirasath S, Sugathapala AGH, Wanigasuriya K. Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Awareness, and Adherence to Medication among Hypertensive Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre in Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Int J Hypertens. 2020; 2020: 1320109.
- Oliveria SA, Chen RS, McCarthy BD, et al. Hypertension knowledge, awareness, and attitudes in a hypertensive population. J Gen Intern Med. 2005; 20(3): 219–225.
- Uchmanowicz B, Jankowska EA, Uchmanowicz I, et al. Self-Reported Medication Adherence Measured With Morisky Medication Adherence Scales and Its Determinants in Hypertensive Patients Aged ≥60 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2019; 10: 168.
- Burt VL, Cutler JA, Higgins M, et al. Trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the adult US population. Data from the health examination surveys, 1960 to 1991. Hypertension. 1995; 26(1): 60–69.
- Ostrówka D, Jancewicz M, Komand A, et al. Awareness of the role of cardiovascular risk factors and their prevention from the perspective of Tricity adolescents. Arterial Hypertension. 2017; 21(1): 51–59.
- Li C, Lumey LH. Impact of disease screening on awareness and management of hypertension and diabetes between 2011 and 2015: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study. BMC Public Health. 2019; 19(1): 421.
- Dymek J, Skowron A, Polak W, et al. Assessment of knowledge and skills of patients with hypertension related to self-measurement of blood pressure (SBPM). Arterial Hypertension. 2015; 19(1): 39–44.
- Almas A, Godil SS, Lalani S, et al. Good knowledge about hypertension is linked to better control of hypertension; a multicentre cross sectional study in Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Res Notes. 2012; 5: 579.
- Hu Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension among Kazakhs with high Salt Intake in Xinjiang, China: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study. Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 45547.
- Balazovjech I, Hnilica P. Compliance with antihypertensive treatment in consultation rooms for hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens. 1993; 7(6): 581–583.
- Knight EL, Bohn RL, Wang PS, et al. Predictors of uncontrolled hypertension in ambulatory patients. Hypertension. 2001; 38(4): 809–814.
- Verulava T, Nemsadze D, Jorbenadze R, et al. Factors that influence tobacco use in Georgian youth. Malta Med J. 2020; 32(2): 49–58.
- Mukeria M, Kiknadze B, Verulava T, et al. The impact of the tobacco control law on youth tobacco use. Arch Balk Med Uni. 2020; 55(1): 108–112.
- Jin J, Sklar GE, Min Sen Oh V, et al. Factors affecting therapeutic compliance: A review from the patient's perspective. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2008; 4(1): 269–286.
- Sabaté E. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action. World Health Organization, Geneva 2003.
- Rubin RR. Adherence to pharmacologic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 2005; 118 Suppl 5A: 27S–34S.
- Farley TA, Dalal MA, Mostashari F, et al. Deaths preventable in the U.S. by improvements in use of clinical preventive services. Am J Prev Med. 2010; 38(6): 600–609.
- Peacock E, Krousel-Wood M. Adherence to Antihypertensive Therapy. Med Clin North Am. 2017; 101(1): 229–245.
- Kripalani S, Yao X, Haynes RB. Interventions to enhance medication adherence in chronic medical conditions: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2007; 167(6): 540–550.