Tom 15, Nr 1 (2019)
Artykuł przeglądowy
Opublikowany online: 2019-05-29
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Rola mikrobioty jelitowej w patogenezie i przebiegu wybranych schorzeń układu nerwowego
Pol. Przegl. Neurol 2019;15(1):1-11.
Streszczenie
Etiologia wielu chorób układu nerwowego ma charakter wieloczynnikowy i wciąż nie jest do końca poznana. W ostatnich
latach zyskuje na popularności teoria dotycząca zmian w obrębie mikrobioty jelitowej, które predysponują do rozwoju
konkretnej jednostki chorobowej. W badaniach wskazuje się, że w przebiegu niektórych chorób zachodzą specyficzne
zmiany ilościowe i jakościowe mikroflory, które często korelują z obecnością i nasileniem poszczególnych objawów.
Skład i funkcjonowanie mikrobioty w dużym stopniu zależą od takich czynników, jak dieta, przyjmowane leki czy tryb
życia. Z tego powodu wszelkie odchylenia od prawidłowego stanu należy rozpatrywać dwojako — jako objaw choroby
lub jej konsekwencja. Znajomość przemian dokonujących się w mikroflorze jelitowej może w przyszłości pozwolić na
zmniejszenie prawdopodobieństwa zachorowania, a także na złagodzenie przebiegu choroby za pomocą odpowiednio
dobranych probiotyków, które być może znajdą także zastosowanie w profilaktyce schorzeń neurologicznych.
Słowa kluczowe: mikrobiota jelitowadysbiozaoś jelitowo-mózgowa
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