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Personalised medical management of patients with melanoma (part 1)
, 12, 1, 34
Affiliations- Chair and Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Surgical Oncology Ward, Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Wroclaw, Poland
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Abstract
In recent years, a dynamic increase has been observed in occurrence of melanomas, especially in young and middle-aged patients. This is the reason why curing these patients has become a priority also in the economic context. Melanomas belong to a group of neoplasms of very high genetic heterogeneity. The most common genetic alterations concern two signalling pathways: mitogen-activated pathway (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Identification of the characteristic molecular changes in the neoplastic tissue allows optimisation and individualisation of the therapy. Thus, it contributes to an increase in successful cancer treatment, reduction of treatment side effects and to improvement of the patients’ quality of life. Currently, the standard management of skin melanoma patients involves – along with surgical treatment and classical chemo/radiotherapy which is now less frequently used – also introduction of targeted therapy focused on molecular changes within the tumour tissue as well as immunotherapy which relies on activating the immune system.
Abstract
In recent years, a dynamic increase has been observed in occurrence of melanomas, especially in young and middle-aged patients. This is the reason why curing these patients has become a priority also in the economic context. Melanomas belong to a group of neoplasms of very high genetic heterogeneity. The most common genetic alterations concern two signalling pathways: mitogen-activated pathway (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Identification of the characteristic molecular changes in the neoplastic tissue allows optimisation and individualisation of the therapy. Thus, it contributes to an increase in successful cancer treatment, reduction of treatment side effects and to improvement of the patients’ quality of life. Currently, the standard management of skin melanoma patients involves – along with surgical treatment and classical chemo/radiotherapy which is now less frequently used – also introduction of targeted therapy focused on molecular changes within the tumour tissue as well as immunotherapy which relies on activating the immune system.
Keywords
melanoma; BRAF; NRAS; targeted therapy
About this articleTitle
Personalised medical management of patients with melanoma (part 1)
Journal
Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology
Issue
Article type
Review paper
Pages
169-175
Published online
2021-06-09
Page views
594
Article views/downloads
469
DOI
Bibliographic record
Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology 2021;71(3):169-175.
Keywords
melanoma
BRAF
NRAS
targeted therapy
Authors
Justyna Gil
Izabela Łaczmańska
Maria M. Sąsiadek
Marcin Ziętek
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