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Published online: 2024-09-26

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Expression of cancer testis genes in gastric neoplasms — a preliminary study

Michał Czerewaty1, Maciej Tarnowski2, Krzysztof Safranow3, Elżbieta Urasińska4, Bernardeta Chajnowska4, Andrzej Pawlik1

Abstract

Introduction. Scientists are currently searching for new and improved diagnostic markers and treatment modalities for gastric cancer. One putative target are the cancer/testis genes (CTGs), whose expression is restricted to male germ cells, trophoblasts and ovaries. CTGs are also aberrantly expressed in several types of cancers. In healthy somatic tissues, CTGs expression is either not detected or present at low levels. About 270 CTGs have been described thus far.

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of CTGs in stomach tissue samples from patients with gastric neoplasm, in relation to selected clinical and pathomorphological parameters.

Material and methods. 28 patients with histologically confirmed gastric neoplasms were included in this study. Total RNA was extracted from homogenates using the RNeasy Fibrous Tissue Mini Kit in accordance with the manufacturer’s protocol. A quantitative assessment of mRNA levels for 35 genes was performed using real-time RT-PCR.

Results. We report that 11 out of 35 CTGs tested (ATAD2, FBXO39, HORMAD1, IGSF11, IL13RA2, KIF2C, LDHC, OIP5, PLU1, SPAG9 and TTK) were significantly (p⩽0.05) overexpressed in tumour tissue compared with healthy stomach samples isolated from the same patients. Additionally, our results indicated that overexpression of OIP5 was associated with gastric adenocarcinoma in women. Moreover, two of the tested CTGs (HORMAD1, TTK) were significantly overexpressed in tubular gastric adenocarcinoma. Additional analysis showed a correlation between KU-CT-1 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma and patient age at diagnosis.

Conclusions. Our results suggest that the overexpression of CTGs may be specific for gastric neoplasms, but it should be confirmed in larger numbers of patients.

Keywords: gastric neoplasmgenesbiomarkersCTGsexpression

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