SOX10 as an immunohistochemical marker in cancer diagnostics

Abstract

SOX10 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the formation, specification and differentiation of neural crest cells. Recent studies indicate that this protein is expressed in tumors of the nervous system, salivary glands, breast, soft tissues and melanoma cells. Due to its higher sensitivity and specificity in comparison to other available markers, SOX10 protein is mainly used in the diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheet tumor and primary and metastatic melanoma including desmoplastic type. SOX10 has a more readable immunohistochemical staining, which also facilitates histopathological interpretation. Several monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for diagnostics are currently available. Unification of anti-SOX10 antibodies to increase specificity, eliminate variability and strength of immunohistochemical reactions will support its diagnostic usefulness.