Tom 10, Nr 1-2 (2024)
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Opublikowany online: 2024-10-21
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Szczególne postacie nadciśnienia tętniczego: leczyć czy nie leczyć — oto jest pytanie?
Nadciśnienie Tętnicze w Praktyce 2024;10(1-2):15-22.
Streszczenie
Nadciśnienie tętnicze wciąż pozostaje główną przyczyną przedwczesnych zgonów na całym świecie. Według Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO) dotyczy ono ok. 1,28 miliarda dorosłych w wieku 30–79 lat. Prawidłowe rozpoznanie opiera się na stwierdzeniu podwyższonych wartości skurczowego ciśnienia tętniczego ≥ 140 mm Hg i/lub ciśnienia rozkurczowego ≥ 90 mm Hg, jednak istnieją szczególne postacie nadciśnienia tętniczego wymagające indywidualnego podejścia, stanowiąc wyzwanie diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne. Należą do nich: nadciśnienie tętnicze białego fartucha (WCH), nadciśnienie tętnicze maskowane (MH), izolowane skurczowe nadciśnienie tętnicze oraz nadciśnienie nocne.
Podstawowym celem terapii pacjentów jest zmniejszenie chorobowości, globalnego ryzyka powikłań narządowych, szczególnie sercowo-naczyniowych, a w efekcie śmiertelności chorych. Z tego powodu szczególną wagę ma znaczenie prawidłowego rozpoznania różnych postaci nadciśnienia tętniczego, aby unikać zbędnej terapii hipotensyjnej, a z drugiej strony jej nie zaniedbać, o ile jest konieczna.
Słowa kluczowe: nadciśnienie tętniczenadciśnienie tętnicze białego fartuchanadciśnienie tętnicze maskowaneizolowane skurczowe nadciśnienie tętniczenadciśnienie tętnicze nocne
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