The effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on body mass index and obesity-related diseases in patients over 50 years old
, 1, 1, 1, 23, 1, 1
Abstract
Aim of the study: Obesity is a pandemic of the 21st century and may regard people of every age. Persons after 50 years of age are a group especially exposed to severe impact of obesity which is connected, among others, with increased risk of co-morbidities. Along with age, the human body undergoes processes connected with metabolic rate decrease, accumulation of fat tissue, a physical capacity decrease which exacerbates the issue of obesity.
Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of biochemical and clinical parameters was conducted in the group of 102 patients, age 50–66 years old, after sleeve gastrectomy.
Results: During observation, average BMI decreased from 45.52 (41.26–50.87) kg/m2 before the surgery to 29.71 (26.08–35.42) kg/m2 one year after the surgery (p < 0.001). %TWL 12 months after LSG reached 33.91% (27.81–37.6%) (p < 0.001), average % EBMIL was 76.78% (58.71–93.08%). The study revealed that the most frequently coexisting diseases with obesity were: hypertension (89 patients), type 2 diabetes (39 patients), sleep apnea (27 patients), and dyslipidemia (25 patients). One year follow-up revealed remission of hypertension in 37 patients (41.57%), type 2 diabetes in 16 patients (41.02%), sleep apnea in 12 patients (44.44%), and dyslipidemia in 19 patients (76%). In patients after LSG, improvement of biochemical parameters including lipid and carbohydrate balance, as well as improvement or recovery from co-morbidities were observed.
Conclusions: LSG is an efficient method of obesity treatment, especially for patients after 50 years old with co-morbidities, which leads to permanent body mass loss as well as remission or recovery from chronic diseases and improves the quality of life.
Keywords: sleeve gastrectomyobesityhypertensiondyslipidemiatype 2 diabetes
References
- Szymaszkiewicz A, Szymaszkiewicz K, Fichna J, et al. Ocena zmian zachodzących wraz z wiekiem w jelitowym układzie nerwowym i ich wpływ na perystaltykę przewodu pokarmowego. Postępy Biochemii. 2021; 67(1): 34–43.
- Calder PC, Bosco N, Bourdet-Sicard R, et al. Health relevance of the modification of low grade inflammation in ageing (inflammageing) and the role of nutrition. Ageing Res Rev. 2017; 40: 95–119.
- Krabbe KS, Pedersen M, Bruunsgaard H. Inflammatory mediators in the elderly. Exp Gerontol. 2004; 39(5): 687–699.
- Marques A, Peralta M, Naia A, et al. Prevalence of adult overweight and obesity in 20 European countries, 2014. Eur J Public Health. 2018; 28(2): 295–300.
- Stepaniak U, Micek A, Waśkiewicz A, et al. Prevalence of general and abdominal obesity and overweight among adults in Poland. Results of the WOBASZ II study (2013-2014) and comparison with the WOBASZ study (2003-2005). Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2016; 126(9): 662–671.
- European Commission. Statistics Eurostat: Obesity rate by body mass index (BMI). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/sdg_02_10/default/table?lang=en (08.01.2022).
- Jarzynkowski P, Książek J, Piotrkowska R. Surgical treatment of obesity: the role and tasks of the interdisciplinary team. Nursing and Public Health. 2016; 6(4): 323–329.
- Diemieszczyk I, Woźniewska P, Gołaszewski P, et al. Does weight loss after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy contribute to reduction in blood pressure? Pol Arch Intern Med. 2021; 131(7-8): 693–700.
- Fried M, Yumuk V, Oppert JM, et al. International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders - European Chapter, International Federation for Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders-European Chapter (IFSO-EC), European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). Interdisciplinary European guidelines on metabolic and bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2014; 24(1): 42–55.
- National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Overweight, obesity, and health risk. Arch Intern Med. 2000; 160(7): 898–904.
- Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, et al. American Society for Nutrition, NAASO, The Obesity Society, American Society for Nutrition, NAASO, The Obesity Society. Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82(5): 923–934.
- Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA. 2006; 295(13): 1549–1555.
- Medonet. https://www.medonet.pl/strefa-mamy-i-dziecka/dbam-o-zdrowie-dziecka-i-rodziny, otylosc-wsrod-dzieci---powazny-problem--ktory-generuje-kolejne, artykul, 50415210.html (08.01.2022).
- Hady HR, Wojciak P, Pawluszewicz P, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as a operative method of morbid obesity treatment and resolution of its comorbidities. Postępy Nauk Medycznych. 2018(2): 81–88.
- Haase CL, Eriksen KT, Lopes S, et al. Body mass index and risk of obesity-related conditions in a cohort of 2.9 million people: Evidence from a UK primary care database. Obes Sci Pract. 2021; 7(2): 137–147.
- Tam BT, Morais JA, Santosa S. Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin. Obes Rev. 2020; 21(4): e12991.
- Woźniewska P, Diemieszczyk I, Hady HR. Complications associated with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy — a review. Prz Gastroenterol. 2021; 16(1): 5–9.
- Williams S, Cunningham E, Pories WJ. Surgical treatment of metabolic syndrome. Med Princ Pract. 2012; 21(4): 301–309.
- Wojciak PA, Pawłuszewicz P, Diemieszczyk I, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a study of efficiency in treatment of metabolic syndrome components, comorbidities and influence on certain biochemical markers. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne. 2020; 15(1): 136–147.
- Luppi CRO, Balagué C, Targarona EM, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients over 60 years: impact of age on weight loss and co-morbidity improvement. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015; 11(2): 296–301.