Association of serum adiponectin and visfatin with body composition and selected biochemical cardiometabolic risk factors in non-obese individuals with normal fasting glycaemia
Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue produces many metabolically active substances such as adiponectin and visfa-tin. Both have potential anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and increasing insulin sensitivity properties. We evaluated the diagnostic value of serum adiponectin and visfatin as potential cardiometabolic risk factors. Subjects and methods: Sixty non-smoking, non-obese subjects aged 25–40 years with normal fasting glycaemia were included in the study. In all subjects serum fasting lipid profile, CRP, glucose, insulin, and apolipoprotein AI and B measurements were performed on an automatic analyser, while adiponectin and visfatin were measured using manual enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood pressure measurements, body composition analysis using bioimpedance method (BIA), and basic anthropometric measurements (weight, BMI, WHR) were performed.
Results: In the study group the concentration of adiponectin and visfatin was significantly inversely and moder-ately related with the amount of visceral fat, BMI, and waist circumference, while an inverse weak relationship with HOMA-IR and insulin level was observed. Moreover, adiponectin was weakly inversely related with CRP but positively with HDL-C and apolipoprotein AI. The prevalence of subjects with CRP < 1 mg/L was signifi-cantly higher at the highest adiponectin and visfatin concentrations (third tertile). At the lowest adiponectin concentrations (first tertile) the percentage of subjects with elevated apoB ≥ 100 mg/dL was increased. Conclusion: The relationship of serum adiponectin and visfatin with the amount of visceral fat, lipid profile, apolipoproteins, and CRP suggests their potential diagnostic value in the assessment of cardiometabolic risk. The predictive value of both adipocytokines should be confirmed in a large population-based study.
Keywords: adiponectinvisfatinobesitymetabolic syndromecardiometabolic risk
References
- World Health Organization. The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region. Fact sheet EURO. 2005; 13: 1–4.
- Zhang LiQ, Heruth DP, Ye SQ. Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Human Diseases. J Bioanal Biomed. 2011; 3: 13–25.
- jr VT, Senolt L, Hulejova H, et al. Early changes in serum visfatin after abdominal surgery: a new pro-inflammatory marker in diagnosis? Biomedical Papers. 2014.
- Arita Y, Kihara S, Ouchi N, et al. Paradoxical decrease of an adipose-specific protein, adiponectin, in obesity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999; 257(1): 79–83.
- Olszok J, Wyganowska A, Tarabura-Dragon J, et al. Selected adipocytokines and their potential role in the control of the course of chronic hepatitis B and C. Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis. 2015; 69: 1–7.
- Dąbrowska M, Szydlarska D, Bar-Andziak E. Adiponektyna a insulinooporność i miażdżyca. Endokrynologia, Otyłość i Zaburzenia Przemiany Materii. 2011; 7(3): 186–189.
- Tanita® official website Available at: https://www tanita com/en/ [cited: 01 03. https://www.tanita.com/en/ [cited: 01.03.2018].
- Musialik K. Wybrane wykładniki stanu zapalnego u pacjentów z zespołem metabolicznym. Przegląd Kardiodiabetologiczny. 2012; 7: 31.
- Albu A, Delia L. Adipokines, systemic inflammation and exercise; Palestrica of the third millennium. Civilization and Sport. 2015; 16(3): 257–261.
- Cnop M, Havel PJ, Utzschneider KM, et al. Relationship of adiponectin to body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and plasma lipoproteins: evidence for independent roles of age and sex. Diabetologia. 2003; 46(4): 459–469.
- Yamamoto Y, Hirose H, Saito I, et al. Correlation of the adipocyte-derived protein adiponectin with insulin resistance index and serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, independent of body mass index, in the Japanese population. Clin Sci (Lond). 2002; 103(2): 137–142.
- Patel JV, Lim HS, Hughes EA, et al. Adiponectin and hypertension: a putative link between adipocyte function and atherosclerotic risk? J Hum Hypertens. 2007; 21(1): 1–4.
- Bogdański P, Iciek J. Musialik- Pupek D. Wpływ regularnej aktywności fizycznej na stężenie adiponektyny u otyłych kobiet z zespołem metabolicznym. Endokrynologia, Otyłość i Zaburzenia Przemiany Materii. 2011; 7(4): 213.
- Foremska- Ic, Kubacka E. Łuczak- Kujawska M, Musialik- Pupek D. Ocena stężenia adiponektyny u pacjentów z otyłością prostą. Forum Zaburzeń Metabolicznych. 2013; 4(1): 43–48.
- Kadowaki T. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2006; 116(7): 1784–1792.
- Paschalis-Purtak K, Puciłowska B, Janas J, et al. Adiponectin and leptin plasma concentrations in men with coronary artery disease with and without hypertension. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze. 2009; 13(2): 74–81.
- Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science. 2005; 307(5708): 426–430.
- Böttcher Y, Teupser D, Enigk B, et al. Plasma visfatin concentrations and fat depot-specific mRNA expression in humans. Diabetes. 2005; 54(10): 2911–2916.
- Foremska- Ic, Hoffmann K. Musialik- Pupek D. Ocena osoczowego stężenia wisfatyny u chorych z zespołem metabolicznym i samoistnym nadciśnieniem tętniczym. Nadciśnienie tętnicze. 2009; 13(4): 258–262.
- Saddi-Rosa P, Oliveira CSV, Giuffrida FMA, et al. Visfatin, glucose metabolism and vascular disease: a review of evidence. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2010; 2: 21.
- Lim SY, Davidson SM, Paramanathan AJ, et al. The novel adipocytokine visfatin exerts direct cardioprotective effects. J Cell Mol Med. 2008; 12(4): 1395–1403.
- Hui E, Xu A, Chow WS, et al. Hypoadiponectinemia as a predictor for the development of hypertension: a 5-year prospective study. Hypertension. 2007; 49(6): 1455–1461.
- Kumada M, Kihara S, Sumitsuji S, et al. Osaka CAD Study Group. Coronary artery disease. Association of hypoadiponectinemia with coronary artery disease in men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003; 23(1): 85–89.
- Mohan V, Deepa R, Pradeepa R, et al. Association of low adiponectin levels with the metabolic syndrome--the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES-4). Metabolism. 2005; 54(4): 476–481.