Biochemical assessment of neuronal damage in patients undergoing endovascular management of ruptured brain aneurysms: a preliminary observation
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Abstract
Introduction: Due to the characteristics of brain-injured patients, early complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) can easily go undetected for a period of time, resulting in the delay of accurate treatment. Serum biomarkers of neuronal damage, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and S100B protein, may serve as diagnostic tools to improve care in neurocritical illness. This preliminary observation aimed to evaluate the absolute values of those markers of neuronal damage in aSAH or a planned embolization. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 12 patients in need of emergency (i.e. due to aneurysmal aSAH) (n = 4) or planned (n = 8) embolization. GFAP, NSE, and S100B were assessed before and 24 hours after the procedure completion. Descriptive statistics were applied to elucidate the dynamics of markers in the peri-procedural period. Results: Brain aneurysm embolization was associated with an increase in NSE and S100B, but not GFAP. A greater increase in the concentrations of these proteins is observed in emergency procedures. Conclusions: Brain aneurysm embolization is likely to be associated with an increase in NSE and S100B, but not GFAP. There are differences in the concentrations of these proteins between patients with aSAH and controls. More research is needed to assess the impact of their dynamics on the clinical consequences of neuronal injury.
Keywords: subarachnoid hemorrhagebiomarkerbrain injurydiagnostics
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