Rivaroxaban in secondary cardiogenic stroke prevention: two-year single-centre experience based on follow-up of 209 patients

Abstract

Background: The main goal of treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation is to counteract the effects of embolisation, considering the relatively high risk of cerebral embolic events.

Aim: An assessment of the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in secondary stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Methods: The study concerned 209 NVAF patients (male/female: 117/92; mean age 65.3 years [41–85]), who used rivaroxaban as secondary prevention of cardiogenic stroke. The patients were followed up for 24 months: the control visits were performed 12 and 24 months after the onset of the inclusion. The following aspects were analysed: the occurrence of recurrent stroke and/or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) during rivaroxaban treatment, bleeding episodes with their placement and severity assessment, drug tolerance, and evaluation of the patient’s medical records including laboratory tests (e.g. creatinine clearance) and concomitant therapy. All patients underwent physical examination as well as neurological assessment.

Results: The mean CHA2DS2-VASc in the study group was 4.16, and the mean HAS-BLED value was 3.31. During the follow-up 13 deaths were noted (6.22%), ischaemic stroke was diagnosed in five (2.39%) subjects, and TIA in three (1.43%) patients. Bleeding complications were reported in 25 (11.96%) patients, two of which were classified as major bleedings (0.95%): an intracranial bleeding (1) and a bleeding from the genital tract (1).

Conclusions: For patients with NVAF and cerebrovascular events, the use of rivaroxaban in a real-world clinical setting results in a highly efficacious treatment profile and acceptable safety.