Safety behaviour and healthy diving: a qualitative study in the traditional diverse fishermen
, 2, 3, 2, 2
Abstract
Background: Traditional divers from the Maluku Province of Indonesia have not received formal education and training related to standard diving tools. They only become accomplished at diving generation by generation. The use of non-standard diving tools increases the risk of injury and illness. This study aimed to get an overview of the health and safety behaviours of traditional divers. Materials and methods: The study was qualitative, involving 15 traditional divers who used compressors for at least 1 year and who’d had decompression sickness and barotrauma as a result of diving. The data was obtained through in-depth interviews, analysed through the Colaizzi method. Results: The participants’ diving health and safety behaviour is triggered by the perception of the risk of diving. This is supported by the reinforcing social and environmental factors leading to the form of health and safety behaviour when diving. These behaviours include diving without planning, using a compressor, and making “sesajen” (kind of food, leaves, and water that are believed to be a form of surrender to the creator) which is an offering or present to the gods or ancestors. This behaviour causes complaints such as trauma and an increased economic burden. Some participants consider complaints as a threat and plan to stop diving. The participants made a plan before dive and declared that they would change their behaviour to ensure safety. Conclusions: Health and safety behaviour related to diving must be socialised and facilitated. The establishment of a divers’ community that cares about health and safety behaviour needs to become important as a support system.
Keywords: health and safety behavioursdiving incidenttraditional divers
References
- Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesian Health Profile. Bali Province Health Profile. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2016, pp.. 1–220.
- Office MP. Maritime and fishery profiles of Banten province. Banten, Indonesia 2018.
- Prasetyo AT, Soemantri JB, Lukmantya L. Effect of depth and duration of diving on traditional hearing-threshold divers with ear barotrauma. Oto Rhino Laringol Indones. 2012; 42(2): 69–76.
- Indonesia INI of HR and D. Main Resulth of Baseline Health Research 2018. Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia; 2018, p. 66.
- Goplen FK, Grønning M, Aasen T, et al. Vestibular effects of diving - a 6-year prospective study. Occup Med (Lond). 2010; 60(1): 43–48.
- Ruslam RDC, Rumampuk JF, Danes VR. Analysis of Hearing Loss in Divers at Lake Tondano Watumea Village Eris District Minahasa Regency North Sulawesi Province 2014. J e-Biomedik. 2015; 3(1).
- Salawati B. The Creation Process of A “Biring Bone in Kunyi Village” Bahorea Village Bontosikuyu District Selayar Islands Regency Sulawesi. Greget J Pengetah dan Pencipta Tari. 2014; 13(1): 1–11.
- Uher-Koch B, Rizzolo D, Wright K, et al. A suspended dive-net technique for catching territorial divers. Ringing Migration. 2016; 31(1): 19–22.
- Siu Ol, Phillips DR, Leung Tw. Age differences in safety attitudes and safety performance in Hong Kong construction workers. J Safety Res. 2003; 34(2): 199–205.
- Anjuman-i Bii, Tavakoli R, Ghofranipour F, et al. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of Workers towards Occupational Health and Safety. Iran J Public Health. 2009; 38(2): 125–129.
- Sumekar PP, Denny HM, Kusumawati A. Unsafe Behavior Assessment in the Informal Sector of Agate Craftsmen in the New Dargo Market, Semarang. J Kesehat Masy Univ Diponegoro. 2017; 5(1): 405–413.
- Lutfhi OM, Yamindago A, Dewi CSU. Improved safety standards for dive fishermen in the famous peacock compressor, unfortunate with the use of self-containted underwater breathing apparatus scuba. J Innov Appl Technol. 2015; 1(2): 1–5.
- Lucrezi S, Egi SM, Pieri M, et al. Safety Priorities and Underestimations in Recreational Scuba Diving Operations: A European Study Supporting the Implementation of New Risk Management Programmes. Front Psychol. 2018; 9: 383.
- Asruddin NS. The Tradition of Sea Fishing of Muhammadiyah Coastal Fishermen of Gorontalo Province. In: Konferensi Nasional Ke-8 APPPTMA. Gorontalo: Center for Oen Science; 2018, pp. 153-161.
- Health DG. of DC and E. Technical guidelines for diving and hyperbaric health worker for province, district / city and Puskesmas. Jakarta: Health Ministry of The Republic of Indonesia. 2008.
- Zhang C, Zheng X, Huang H, et al. A Study on the Applicability of the Health Action Process Approach to the Dietary Behavior of University Students in Shanxi, China. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2018; 50(4): 388–395.e1.
- Jeong JH, Kim K, Cho SH, et al. Sphenoid sinus barotrauma after scuba diving. Am J Otolaryngol. 2012; 33(4): 477–480.
- Jusmawati J, Naiem F. Risk Factors for Decompression Sickness Occurrence in the Traditional Diving Community of Saponda Island. Media Kesehat Masy Indones Univ Hasanuddin. 2016; 12(2): 63–69.
- Kane SM, Davis J. Cardiac arrest and death attributable to the "diving response" triggered during incision and debridement of an abscess of the forehead. J Craniofac Surg. 2018; 29(5): e507–e509.
- Harris RJd, Frawley G, Devaney BC, et al. A 10-year estimate of the incidence of decompression illness in a discrete group of recreational cave divers in Australia. Diving Hyperb Med. 2015; 45(3): 147–153.
- Budijanto D, Roosihermiatie B. Healthy-sick perceptions and patterns of seeking community support in the port area (a qualitative study in the Tanjung Perak port area). Bul Penelit Sist Kesehat. 2006; 9(2 Apr).
- Purwaningsih , Armini NKA. Susanti. Health Believe Model Implementation on the Analyze of Family Decision to Visit the Public Health Center. J Ners. 2009; 4(1): 68–78.
- Hayden J. Introduction to Health Behavior Theory. Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers 2009.
