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Vol 12, No 3-4 (2021)
Review paper
Published online: 2022-02-18

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JAK and STAT gene mutations and JAK-STAT pathway activation in lympho- and myeloproliferative neoplasms

Michał Łączak1, Martyna Kuczyńska1, Joanna Grygier1, Dominika Andrzejewska1, Wiktoria Grochowska1, Hanna Gulaczyk1, Krzysztof Lewandowski1
DOI: 10.5603/HCP.a2021.0013
Hematology in Clinical Practice 2021;12(3-4):89-104.

Abstract

Lympho- and myeloproliferative neoplasms are a very heterogeneous group of haematological malignancies originating from a haematopoietic stem cell (HSC). In most of them, the neoplastic transformation is a result of the acquisition of molecular defects by HSC or progenitor cells, impairing their proliferation, differentiation and maturation. Herein, the role of the Janus kinase-signal transduction and transcription activation (JAK-STAT) signalling pathway in the normal and neoplastic lympho- and myelopoiesis is presented. Particular attention is paid to the molecular aberrations of the JAK and STAT genes and their impact on JAK and STAT signalling pathway function and the mutation-driven mechanism of the lymphoid and myeloid cells neoplastic transformation. In the Authors’ opinion, its early identification allows to incorporate the molecularly targeted drugs, including JAK-STAT pathway signalling inhibitors, to the therapeutic algorithm used and to improve the treatment results of lymphoid- and myeloid neoplasms.

Keywords: lympho- and myeloproliferative neoplasmsJanus tyrosine kinasessignal transducer and activator of transcription proteinsmolecular aberrationsmalignant transformation

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