Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Progress in understanding the biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has contributed to better risk stratification of AML patients and application of various post remission therapies to prevent relapse of the disease in recent years. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) significantly influenced the outcome of high risk patients, defined on cytogenetic- molecular level. Additionally, advances in transplant techniques, better selection and availability of donors and better supportive care have improved safety and access of transplantation. In this review current indication for allo-HSCT from family and unrelated donors, as well as cord blood transplants, are discussed. Different conditioning methods, stem cells source and their impact on allo-HSCT outcome are also presented, as well as modern methods for prevention and treatment of relapse.
Hematologia 2011; 2, 3: 266–275