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Vol 89, No 9 (2018)
Review paper
Published online: 2018-09-28
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Gestational diabetes mellitus — literature review on selected cytokines and hormones of confirmed or possible role in its pathogenesis

Joanna Świrska12, Agnieszka Zwolak12, Marta Dudzińska1, Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek2, Tomasz Paszkowski3
DOI: 10.5603/GP.a2018.0089
·
Pubmed: 30318581
·
Ginekol Pol 2018;89(9):522-527.
Affiliations
  1. Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Nursing, Medical University in Lublin, Poland
  2. Department of Endocrinology, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland, 8 Jaczewskiego Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
  3. 3rd Chair and Department of Gynecology, Medical University in Lublin, Poland

open access

Vol 89, No 9 (2018)
REVIEW PAPERS Obstetrics
Published online: 2018-09-28

Abstract

The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases globally, including Poland. Considering serious consequences of gestational diabetes for both mother and fetus, screening for this disorder is an obligatory element of managing pregnant woman. The pathogenesis of gestational diabetes is not yet thoroughly explained. However, it is insulin resistance and chronic subclinical inflammatory process which are considered to be major factors responsible for the development of GDM. These two states are triggered mainly by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and by abnormal function of adipose tissue. The study reviews the literature on selected hormones and cytokines whose role in the GDM pathogenesis has been already confirmed as well as on those proteins whose role is either not yet fully understood or which may possibly participate in GDM development. Owing to the fact that underlying mechanisms of GDM are, in general, similar to the mechanisms responsible for metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus type 2 or obesity, in this review we focus first on the role these molecules play in pathogenesis of metabolic disorders and then present current state of knowledge on their action in gestational diabetes development. The review presents: TNF alpha, adipokines — adiponectin and leptin and relatively newly discovered proteins: fetuin A, periostin, angiopoietin-like protein 8 or high mobility group box.

Abstract

The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases globally, including Poland. Considering serious consequences of gestational diabetes for both mother and fetus, screening for this disorder is an obligatory element of managing pregnant woman. The pathogenesis of gestational diabetes is not yet thoroughly explained. However, it is insulin resistance and chronic subclinical inflammatory process which are considered to be major factors responsible for the development of GDM. These two states are triggered mainly by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and by abnormal function of adipose tissue. The study reviews the literature on selected hormones and cytokines whose role in the GDM pathogenesis has been already confirmed as well as on those proteins whose role is either not yet fully understood or which may possibly participate in GDM development. Owing to the fact that underlying mechanisms of GDM are, in general, similar to the mechanisms responsible for metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus type 2 or obesity, in this review we focus first on the role these molecules play in pathogenesis of metabolic disorders and then present current state of knowledge on their action in gestational diabetes development. The review presents: TNF alpha, adipokines — adiponectin and leptin and relatively newly discovered proteins: fetuin A, periostin, angiopoietin-like protein 8 or high mobility group box.

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Keywords

gestational diabetes, metabolic disorders, cytokines, hormones

About this article
Title

Gestational diabetes mellitus — literature review on selected cytokines and hormones of confirmed or possible role in its pathogenesis

Journal

Ginekologia Polska

Issue

Vol 89, No 9 (2018)

Article type

Review paper

Pages

522-527

Published online

2018-09-28

Page views

5311

Article views/downloads

3912

DOI

10.5603/GP.a2018.0089

Pubmed

30318581

Bibliographic record

Ginekol Pol 2018;89(9):522-527.

Keywords

gestational diabetes
metabolic disorders
cytokines
hormones

Authors

Joanna Świrska
Agnieszka Zwolak
Marta Dudzińska
Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek
Tomasz Paszkowski

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