Impact of experimental diabetes and chronic hypoxia on rat fetal body weight
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the impact of the experimental diabetes and the chronic hypoxia on pregnancy development and rat fetal body weight.
Material and methods: The experiment was performed on female Wistar rats. Animals were divided into the experimental groups. I — Controls, II — Untreated diabetes, III — Insulin-treated diabetes, IV — No diabetes with chronic hypoxia, V — Untreated diabetes and chronic hypoxia, VI — Insulin- treated diabetes and chronic hypoxia. Diabetes was induced in groups II, III, V and VI with intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg. Chronic hypoxia was induced by placing dams (groups IV, V and VI) in conditions of 10.5% oxygen and 89.5%. Insulin was administered subcutaneously at the dose of 9 IU/kg. Starting from the 6th day after STZ injection and chronic hypoxia conditions animals were caged together for 12 hours for 3 consecutive days to ensure fertilization. On day 21 of gestation the animals were decapitated, the fetuses were removed and weighted.
Results: Mean fetal body weight in separate groups were: I — 5.38 g, II — 6.04g, III — 5.32g, IV— 5.56 g, V — 3.45 g, VI — 6.23 g.
Conclusions: Pre-existing type 1 diabetes does not affect fetal body weight compared to healthy newborn control rats. Prolonged hypoxia does not impact on fetal body weight. Chronic hypoxia during pregnancy complicated with untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus leads to significant reduction of fetal body weight. Insulin treatment reversed the detrimental effect of chronic hypoxia on fetal development.
Keywords: diabeteshypoxiabody weightfetus
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