open access

Vol 90, No 9 (2019)
Research paper
Published online: 2019-09-30
Get Citation

Nutritional behavior in pregnancy

Natalia Misan1, Katarzyna Paczkowska2, Magdalena Szmyt2, Katarzyna Kapska1, Lidia Tomczak1, Grzegorz H. Bręborowicz1, Mariola Ropacka-Lesiak1
·
Pubmed: 31588550
·
Ginekol Pol 2019;90(9):527-533.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University od Medical Sciences, Poland
  2. Students’ Scientific Association by the Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University od Medical Sciences, Poland

open access

Vol 90, No 9 (2019)
ORIGINAL PAPERS Obstetrics
Published online: 2019-09-30

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to characterize nutritional behavior in pregnancy. 

Material and methods: The survey study included 250 pregnant women. The survey concerned dietary behavior reffered to the type of diet, the number of meals per day, snacking between meals, consumption of meat, fish, dairy products, bread, fruits and vegetables. 

Results: 88.8% of the respondents were not on a special diet. The most of the women ate more than three times a day. The women usually ate fruits and vegetables, yogurt and sweets as snacks between meals. The majority of respondents consumed meat and sliced meats twice or once a day with the preference of poultry. Only 17.6% of them ate fish with the recommended frequency and as much as 21.2% chose not-recommended species. Almost 29.6% of patients consumed 3 to 4 servings of milk or milk products a day and 16.8% of them excluded milk. Half of the respondents declared eating wheat bread and 24% of them chose wheat roll during pregnancy. Despite the large number of women who consumed wheat baking, a considerable amount of women chose wholemeal bread and wholemeal rolls. Nutritional behaviors were correlated with on education level and weight gain during pregnancy. 

Conclusions: The frequency of meals was adequate for the most of pregnant women as well as recommended consumption of meat with poultry preference. However, the inappropriate nutrition was also observed in a low consumption of fish and dairy products, a high consumption of wheat breadstuff and sweets, as well as in a small intake of milk. Education level and weight gain during pregnancy were associated with nutritional behaviors.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to characterize nutritional behavior in pregnancy. 

Material and methods: The survey study included 250 pregnant women. The survey concerned dietary behavior reffered to the type of diet, the number of meals per day, snacking between meals, consumption of meat, fish, dairy products, bread, fruits and vegetables. 

Results: 88.8% of the respondents were not on a special diet. The most of the women ate more than three times a day. The women usually ate fruits and vegetables, yogurt and sweets as snacks between meals. The majority of respondents consumed meat and sliced meats twice or once a day with the preference of poultry. Only 17.6% of them ate fish with the recommended frequency and as much as 21.2% chose not-recommended species. Almost 29.6% of patients consumed 3 to 4 servings of milk or milk products a day and 16.8% of them excluded milk. Half of the respondents declared eating wheat bread and 24% of them chose wheat roll during pregnancy. Despite the large number of women who consumed wheat baking, a considerable amount of women chose wholemeal bread and wholemeal rolls. Nutritional behaviors were correlated with on education level and weight gain during pregnancy. 

Conclusions: The frequency of meals was adequate for the most of pregnant women as well as recommended consumption of meat with poultry preference. However, the inappropriate nutrition was also observed in a low consumption of fish and dairy products, a high consumption of wheat breadstuff and sweets, as well as in a small intake of milk. Education level and weight gain during pregnancy were associated with nutritional behaviors.

Get Citation

Keywords

nutritional behavior; proper diet; eating habits; healthy lifestyle; body mass index; weight gain

About this article
Title

Nutritional behavior in pregnancy

Journal

Ginekologia Polska

Issue

Vol 90, No 9 (2019)

Article type

Research paper

Pages

527-533

Published online

2019-09-30

Page views

5087

Article views/downloads

4202

DOI

10.5603/GP.2019.0090

Pubmed

31588550

Bibliographic record

Ginekol Pol 2019;90(9):527-533.

Keywords

nutritional behavior
proper diet
eating habits
healthy lifestyle
body mass index
weight gain

Authors

Natalia Misan
Katarzyna Paczkowska
Magdalena Szmyt
Katarzyna Kapska
Lidia Tomczak
Grzegorz H. Bręborowicz
Mariola Ropacka-Lesiak

References (27)
  1. Balarajan Y, Ramakrishnan U, Ozaltin E, et al. Anaemia in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2011; 378(9809): 2123–2135.
  2. Ramakrishnan U, Grant F, Goldenberg T, et al. Effect of women's nutrition before and during early pregnancy on maternal and infant outcomes: a systematic review. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2012; 26 Suppl 1: 285–301.
  3. Gaillard R, Durmuş B, Hofman A, et al. Risk factors and outcomes of maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013; 21(5): 1046–1055.
  4. Leonard SA, Rasmussen KM, King JC, et al. Trajectories of maternal weight from before pregnancy through postpartum and associations with childhood obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017; 106(5): 1295–1301.
  5. Procter SB, Campbell CG. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014; 114(7): 1099–1103.
  6. Institute of Health. Nutrition during pregnancy. Washington DC 1990.
  7. Arkkola T. Arkkola T. Diet during pregnancy. Dietary patterns and weight gain rate among Finnish pregnant women. Acta Universitatis Ouluensis. D, Medica 2009.
  8. Bręborowicz GH, Ropacka-Lesiak M. Żywienie w czasie ciąży i połogu. In: Bręborowicz GH. ed. Położnictwo i ginekologia. Tom 1. Położnictwo. PZWL, Warszawa 2015: 73–83.
  9. Bręborowicz GH, Ropacka-Lesiak M. Żywienie w czasie ciąży i połogu. In: Bręborowicz GH, Markwitz W. ed. Położnictwo. Tom 1. Fizjologia ciąży. PZWL, Warszawa 2012: 153–167.
  10. Bręborowicz GH, Ropacka M. Żywienie kobiet ciężarnych i karmiących. In: Grzymisławki M, Gawęcki J. ed. Żywienie człowieka zdrowego i chorego. Tom 2. Wyd. 2. PWN, Warszawa 2010: 62–79.
  11. Ropacka M. Żywienie kobiet ciężarnych. In: Bręborowicz GH. ed. Położnictwo i ginekologia. PZWL, Warszawa 2005: 67–75.
  12. Mielnik A. Stężenie kwasu foliowego i homocysteiny w surowicy krwi pępowinowej w zależności od wybranych czynników środowiskowych. Rozprawa doktorska 2017.
  13. Institute of Medicine. Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation. 1992.
  14. Siega-Riz AM, Herrmann TS, Savitz DA, et al. Frequency of eating during pregnancy and its effect on preterm delivery. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 153(7): 647–652.
  15. Pieszko M, Ciesielska-Piotrowicz J, Skotnicka M, et al. Behaviour health pregnant women with secondary and higher education – preliminary studies. Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna. 2017; 13(1): 94–102.
  16. Kobiołka A, Goraus M, Mężyk I, et al. Wpływ ciąży na zmianę nawyków żywieniowych kobiet w wieku rozrodczym. Zdrowie i dobrostan. 2015; 2(13): 187–205.
  17. Krzyszycha R, Bień AM, Grudzińska M. Dieta kobiety ciężarnej. Zapotrzebowanie na składniki odżywcze i ich rola w organizmie kobiety ciężarnej. In: Bień AM. ed. Opieka nad kobietą ciężarną. PZWL, Warszawa 2009: 225–230.
  18. Rekomendacje Zarządu Głównego Polskiego Towarzystwa Ginekologicznego w zakresie opieki przedporodowej w ciąży o prawidłowym przebiegu. Ginekol Dypl. 2008; 10: 191–196.
  19. Kułaga Z, Grajda A. Profilaktyka otyłości od poczęcia. Standardy medyczne/ Profilaktyka zdrowotna. 2015; 1: 23–40.
  20. Szostak-Węgierek D, Cichocka A. Żywienie kobiet ciężarnych. 2nd ed. PZWL, 2012 .
  21. US Food and Drug Administration & US Environmental Protection Agency. Eating fish: what pregnant women and parents should know. http://www.fda.gov/ downloads/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Metals/ UCM537120.pdf (10.2017).
  22. Szostak-Węgierek D. Znaczenie prawidłowego żywienia kobiety w czasie ciąży. Żyw Człow. 2004; 31(2): 160–171.
  23. Raczyński P, Kubik P, Niemiec T. Zalecenia dotyczące suplementacji diety u kobiet podczas planowania ciąży, w ciąży i w czasie karmienia piersią. Ginek Prakt. 2006; 14(4): 2–7.
  24. Mikkelsen TB, Osler M, Orozova-Bekkevold I, et al. Association between fruit and vegetable consumption and birth weight: a prospective study among 43,585 Danish women. Scand J Public Health. 2006; 34(6): 616–622.
  25. Ramón R, Ballester F, Iñiguez C, et al. Vegetable but not fruit intake during pregnancy is associated with newborn anthropometric measures. J Nutr. 2009; 139(3): 561–567.
  26. Rao S, Yajnik CS, Kanade A, et al. Intake of micronutrient-rich foods in rural Indian mothers is associated with the size of their babies at birth: Pune Maternal Nutrition Study. J Nutr. 2001; 131(4): 1217–1224.
  27. Nöthlings U, Murphy SP, Sharma S, et al. A comparison of two methods of measuring food group intake: grams vs servings. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006; 106(5): 737–739.

Regulations

Important: This website uses cookies. More >>

The cookies allow us to identify your computer and find out details about your last visit. They remembering whether you've visited the site before, so that you remain logged in - or to help us work out how many new website visitors we get each month. Most internet browsers accept cookies automatically, but you can change the settings of your browser to erase cookies or prevent automatic acceptance if you prefer.

By VM Media Group sp. z o.o., ul. Świętokrzyska 73, 80–180 Gdańsk
tel.:+48 58 320 94 94, faks:+48 58 320 94 60, e-mail:  viamedica@viamedica.pl