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Dietary vitamin and mineral intakes in a sample of pregnant women with either gestational diabetes or type 1 diabetes mellitus, assessed in comparison with Polish nutritional guidelines
Affiliations- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Oczki 3, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
open access
Abstract
Objectives: Maintaining proper nutrition during pregnancy is crucial for pregnant women and especially for who have
been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or who develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Material and methods: To measure differences in vitamin and mineral intakes among women with normal pregnancies,
pregnant women with GDM, and pregnant women with pre-gestational T1DM; and to assess the women’s dietary intakes in comparison with Polish nutritional guidelines. The analysis was conducted among 83 pregnant women (29 GDM patients, 26 T1DM patients and 28 normal pregnancy participants) from whom we collected seven-day 24-hour dietary records during the second part of their pregnancies.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences observed for most of the vitamin and mineral intakes across the three groups. However, we did observe a significant difference in the vitamin C and calcium intakes between groups. The mean vitamin C and calcium intakes were significantly higher in the control group than among the diabetic patients. Insufficient dietary calcium intakes were found among 52.3% of the GDM patients and 61.6% of the T1DM participants, while only 28.6% of the normal pregnancy patients experienced a calcium deficiency. The highest incidence of inadequate intake in each of the GDM, T1DM and control groups was observed for vitamin D (100%, 100%, 100%), folate (97.7%, 100%, 100%), iron (97.7%, 100%, 100%), and iodine (97.7%, 92.4%, 85.7%), respectively.
Conclusions: Diet alone may not be enough to provide adequate levels of vitamins and minerals for most micronutrients. Supplement use reduces the risk of inadequate intake for many micronutrients, but diet-related issues during pregnancy and pregnancy diagnosed with diabetes remain, and they deserve to be addressed during public health interventions.
Abstract
Objectives: Maintaining proper nutrition during pregnancy is crucial for pregnant women and especially for who have
been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or who develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Material and methods: To measure differences in vitamin and mineral intakes among women with normal pregnancies,
pregnant women with GDM, and pregnant women with pre-gestational T1DM; and to assess the women’s dietary intakes in comparison with Polish nutritional guidelines. The analysis was conducted among 83 pregnant women (29 GDM patients, 26 T1DM patients and 28 normal pregnancy participants) from whom we collected seven-day 24-hour dietary records during the second part of their pregnancies.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences observed for most of the vitamin and mineral intakes across the three groups. However, we did observe a significant difference in the vitamin C and calcium intakes between groups. The mean vitamin C and calcium intakes were significantly higher in the control group than among the diabetic patients. Insufficient dietary calcium intakes were found among 52.3% of the GDM patients and 61.6% of the T1DM participants, while only 28.6% of the normal pregnancy patients experienced a calcium deficiency. The highest incidence of inadequate intake in each of the GDM, T1DM and control groups was observed for vitamin D (100%, 100%, 100%), folate (97.7%, 100%, 100%), iron (97.7%, 100%, 100%), and iodine (97.7%, 92.4%, 85.7%), respectively.
Conclusions: Diet alone may not be enough to provide adequate levels of vitamins and minerals for most micronutrients. Supplement use reduces the risk of inadequate intake for many micronutrients, but diet-related issues during pregnancy and pregnancy diagnosed with diabetes remain, and they deserve to be addressed during public health interventions.
Keywords
maternal diet; GDM; T1DM; vitamins inatkes; mienrals intakes
About this articleTitle
Dietary vitamin and mineral intakes in a sample of pregnant women with either gestational diabetes or type 1 diabetes mellitus, assessed in comparison with Polish nutritional guidelines
Journal
Issue
Article type
Research paper
Pages
581-586
Published online
2018-11-30
Page views
3970
Article views/downloads
2672
DOI
Pubmed
Bibliographic record
Ginekol Pol 2018;89(11):581-586.
Keywords
maternal diet
GDM
T1DM
vitamins inatkes
mienrals intakes
Authors
Aleksandra Kozlowska
Anna Maja Jagielska
Katarzyna Malgorzata Okreglicka
Filip Dabrowski
Krzysztof Kanecki
Aneta Nitsch-Osuch
Miroslaw Wielgos
Dorota Bomba-Opon
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