Congenital anomalies of the female reproductive tract – diagnosis and management

Abstract

The aim of this review was to discuss the putative etiology of Müllerian duct anomalies and to present the current diagnostic strategy and therapy. Congenital defects of the female reproductive tract result from failure in the proper embryological development and fusion of the Müllerian ducts. Their causative factors are not fully understood yet. Clinical symptoms, if any, appear usually during adolescence or early adulthood, and in some cases might affect the reproductive outcome. Imaging techniques such as hysterosalpingography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance are mainstay for the diagnosis. The classification system of these anomalies facilitates the decision about therapy and prognosis, however individual approach in every case is strongly recommended.