Expression of metalloproteinase MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase TIMP-2 in placenta of pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction

Abstract

Introduction: The development of pregnancy depends on many factors, among other the implantation and the development of the placenta and placental vascularity. The correct course of these processes depends on the proper activity of the enzymes degradating elements of extracellular matrix and basal membrane – metalloproteinases. Objectives: Assessment of the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-2 in the placenta of women with intrauterine fetal growth restriction. Material and methods: Two study groups were distinguished - with untreated IUGR and with IUGR treated with the acetylsalicylic acid and L-arginine and the control group with correct fetal growth and course of pregnancy. Marked microscope preparations from placental samples were made with specific antibodies for MMP-9 and TIMP-2. Results: The greatest intensity of the reaction and the villous TIMP-2 expression was characteristic of the group with untreated IUGR. Strongest expression MMP-9 was observed in the control group. The smallest surface of the trophoblast with positive MMP-9 reaction appeared in the group with untreated IUGR. Conclusions: High MMP-9 activity in the placenta correlates with its correct structure and function. Application of IUGR treatment reduces the expression of TIMP-2 in the placental villi.